Cmake updates

[sjunges]

This changes the build process significantly, mostly by cleaning up the cmake files.

• We now set the version of the SO files.
• We associate headers with targets.
• Changes how carl is included. It now fetches the content from a prespecified git repo at configure time. You can change the repo and the tag via the cmake options.
  If you want to use the sources from an existing carl installation, you can use
  -DFETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_CARL=~/carl or any other path.
• Changes how Sylvan is included. It now handles sylvan as a subproject.
• Changes the CI to test installations, checks flags from makefile rather than from storm output.

This also fixes #631 by no longer copying header files to the include path.
This also fixes #610 as installs are now tested

As it uses target_sources with file_sets, this requires cmake 3.23 and thus no longer supports ubuntu 22.04.

• Requires release 1.10 before we continue.
• Website needs update.
• Generate adequate in-buildtree config files
• Review TODOs in cmake
• Handle sylvan assertion that fails in tests (currently disabled, see Sylvan raises assertion error when running tests in debug build #676 )
• Handle sylvan warnings in debug mode (currently disabled)
• The CI currently uses a storm-starter-project from my own repo/a specific branch. This should change.
• I suggest to make GLPK optional to simplify the build script (Make glpk optional #678)

[sjunges]

Also, it requires moves-rwth/carl-storm#46