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Do not transform when checking + check code reorg #793

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elazarg
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@elazarg elazarg commented Nov 15, 2024

  • Avoiding ebpf_transform on check should improve performance
  • Unify verifier calls to a single function with options parameter, returs ebpf_verifier_stats_t
    -- Use unique_ptr for cfg_t input, since it is moved from
    -- Out parameter for invariants that should be returned
  • Add the assume commands that triggered unreachability
  • More constness on ebpf_checker: should not mutate the invariant
  • No reachability notes on assume-assert
  • Use dedicated exceptions for input errors
  • Remove line_info from raw_program

Summary by CodeRabbit

Release Notes

  • New Features

    • Introduced custom exception types for improved error handling in control flow and ELF file processing.
    • Added a new analyze_params_t structure to streamline eBPF analysis parameters.
    • Enhanced the ebpf_checker class to allow more modular requirement handling.
    • Added new test cases for various jump conditions, loops, and bitwise operations.
  • Bug Fixes

    • Improved error reporting for map descriptor retrieval failures.
  • Tests

    • Expanded test coverage with new cases for conditional jumps, loops, and bitwise operations.
    • Updated existing tests to clarify conditions leading to unreachable code and ensure accurate postconditions.
  • Documentation

    • Improved clarity and organization of output messages in test cases.

No reachability notes on assume-assert

Signed-off-by: Elazar Gershuni <[email protected]>
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coderabbitai bot commented Nov 15, 2024

Walkthrough

The pull request implements significant changes to error handling across multiple source files. It introduces custom exception types, such as crab::InvalidControlFlow and UnmarshalError, replacing standard exceptions in specific functions. Additionally, the unmarshal method's signature is simplified, and several methods are updated to improve control flow and data handling. The ebpf_checker class is restructured for better modularity, and various test cases are added or modified to enhance coverage and clarity in expected behaviors related to control flow and variable states.

Changes

File Change Summary
src/asm_cfg.cpp Replaced std::runtime_error and std::invalid_argument with crab::InvalidControlFlow in error handling for recursion, call stack depth, and empty sequences.
src/asm_files.cpp Replaced std::runtime_error with UnmarshalError in ELF file processing functions, standardizing error reporting.
src/asm_files.hpp Added UnmarshalError class inheriting from std::runtime_error.
src/asm_unmarshal.cpp Updated unmarshal method to remove line_info parameter, accessing it directly from info.
src/config.hpp Removed total_unreachable from ebpf_verifier_stats_t and updated initialization syntax for total_warnings and max_loop_count.
src/crab/cfg.hpp Added InvalidControlFlow class, updated sorted_labels method to use std::ranges::sort, and removed mark_alive_blocks and remove_unreachable_blocks methods.
src/crab/ebpf_checker.cpp Introduced OnRequire type alias for callbacks, updated constructor and several methods to be const, and modified how requirements are managed.
src/crab/ebpf_domain.hpp Changed ebpf_domain_check to accept const ebpf_domain_t& instead of mutable reference.
src/crab/ebpf_transformer.cpp Enhanced error handling in ebpf_domain_transform, refined arithmetic operation logic, and improved memory operation handling.
src/crab/fwd_analyzer.cpp Consolidated pre and post conditions into invariant_map_pair, updated related methods.
src/crab_verifier.cpp Replaced checks_db with Messages structure for message handling, refactored reporting logic, and added ebpf_verifier_clear_before_analysis function.
src/crab_verifier.hpp Removed several function declarations and added analyze_params_t structure for analysis parameters.
src/linux/linux_platform.cpp Updated error handling in get_map_descriptor_linux to throw UnmarshalError instead of std::runtime_error.
src/main/check.cpp Updated eBPF verification logic to use analyze_and_report instead of ebpf_verify_program, streamlined output format.
src/main/run_yaml.cpp Modified print_failure function call to remove the output stream parameter.
src/spec_type_descriptors.hpp Updated program_info struct to include std::map<int, btf_line_info_t> line_info{} and removed line_info from raw_program.
src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp Updated test case functions to utilize structured parameters for analysis and modified print_failure signature.
test-data/jump.yaml Added and modified test cases related to conditional jumps and assumptions about variable states.
test-data/loop.yaml Added new loop test cases and modified existing ones to clarify conditions and messages.
test-data/shift.yaml Added comprehensive test cases for bitwise shift operations, including edge cases.
test-data/unsigned.yaml Updated messages in test cases to clarify conditions leading to unreachable code.

Possibly related PRs

Suggested reviewers

  • dthaler

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@elazarg
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elazarg commented Nov 15, 2024

@Alan-Jowett I think the out invariants parameter should allow simple implementation of #728

@elazarg
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elazarg commented Nov 15, 2024

(I don't think I understand the valgrind failure)

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Actionable comments posted: 22

🧹 Outside diff range comments (10)
src/test/test_yaml.cpp (2)

Line range hint 3-3: Address TODO comment about moving out of this framework

There's a TODO comment suggesting this code should be moved out of the current framework. This might affect the maintainability and organization of the test suite.

Would you like me to help create a GitHub issue to track the task of moving these test cases to a more appropriate location? This could include:

  1. Identifying a better location for these YAML-based tests
  2. Planning the migration strategy
  3. Ensuring test coverage remains intact

Line range hint 9-20: Consider enhancing the test failure output

The macro could benefit from additional context in the error output to help with debugging.

Consider this enhancement:

 #define YAML_CASE(path)                                                     \
     TEST_CASE("YAML suite: " path, "[yaml]") {                              \
         foreach_suite(path, [&](const TestCase& test_case) {                \
             std::optional<Failure> failure = run_yaml_test_case(test_case); \
             if (failure) {                                                  \
-                std::cout << "test case: " << test_case.name << "\n";       \
+                std::cout << "\nFailed test case in " << path               \
+                         << "\nTest name: " << test_case.name               \
+                         << "\nTest description: " << test_case.description \
+                         << "\n";                                           \
                 print_failure(*failure);                                    \
             }                                                               \
             REQUIRE(!failure);                                              \
         });                                                                 \
     }
src/linux/linux_platform.cpp (1)

Line range hint 207-225: Critical: Hard-coded map size overrides parameter

The function ignores the max_entries parameter and hard-codes the value to 20 in the bpf_attr structure. This could severely limit map functionality and break existing programs that require larger maps.

Apply this fix:

-    attr.max_entries = 20;
+    attr.max_entries = max_entries;
test-data/jump.yaml (3)

Line range hint 1-1137: Consider adding section headers to improve test organization.

The test cases are well-structured but could be more discoverable with explicit section headers grouping related tests (e.g., "Basic Jump Tests", "Pointer Comparison Tests", "32-bit Operation Tests").


Line range hint 1-1137: Consider adding test cases for additional scenarios.

The test suite could benefit from additional test cases for:

  1. Jump instructions with maximum/minimum values for 32-bit and 64-bit operations
  2. Comparison operations with NULL pointers
  3. Edge cases for signed vs unsigned comparisons with boundary values

Line range hint 558-593: Simplify the "lost implications" test case.

The test case for "lost implications in correlated branches" is complex and could be split into multiple focused test cases to:

  1. Test packet bounds checking separately
  2. Test correlated branch behavior separately
  3. Add comments explaining the expected behavior and why certain conditions are necessary

Example structure:

test-case: packet-bounds-basic
  # Test basic packet bounds checking
  ...

test-case: packet-bounds-with-correlation
  # Test how packet bounds checking works with correlated branches
  ...

test-case: branch-correlation-basic
  # Test basic branch correlation behavior
  ...
test-data/unsigned.yaml (3)

Line range hint 1-2: Add copyright year to the header

The copyright notice should include the year for better clarity.

-# Copyright (c) Prevail Verifier contributors.
+# Copyright (c) 2024 Prevail Verifier contributors.

Line range hint 1-1251: Consider organizing test cases into logical groups

The test cases could be better organized by grouping them into sections with descriptive headers, such as:

  • Basic comparison tests
  • Edge cases
  • Range comparisons
  • Sign-specific tests

Consider adding section headers in the YAML file:

# Basic Comparison Tests
---
test-case: "assume 0 < 0 implies bottom"
...

# Edge Cases
---
test-case: "assume INT_MIN+1 < 0 implies bottom"
...

# Range Comparisons
---
test-case: "assume [0, 1] < 0 implies bottom"
...

Line range hint 1-1251: Add documentation for test case structure

Consider adding a documentation section at the beginning of the file explaining:

  • The test case format and structure
  • The meaning of pre/post conditions
  • The expected message format
  • The significance of different comparison types (s<, w<, etc.)

Add this documentation at the start of the file:

# Test Case Documentation
#
# Structure:
# - test-case: Description of the test
# - pre: List of preconditions for registers
# - code: The code to execute
# - post: Expected post-conditions
# - messages: Expected output messages
#
# Comparison Types:
# - s<: Signed less than
# - w<: Word (32-bit) less than
# - <: Regular less than
#
# Example:
# test-case: "example"
# pre: ["r1.type=number", "r1.svalue=0"]
# code: assume r1 < 0
# post: []
# messages: ["Code becomes unreachable"]
src/crab/ebpf_transformer.cpp (1)

Line range hint 138-140: Add a documentation comment for ebpf_domain_initialize_loop_counter

Consider adding a documentation comment to explain the purpose and usage of the new function ebpf_domain_initialize_loop_counter. This will improve code readability and maintainability.

Apply this diff to add the documentation comment:

+/**
+ * Initialize the loop counter in the ebpf_domain.
+ *
+ * @param dom   The ebpf_domain_t instance to be initialized.
+ * @param label The label corresponding to the loop.
+ */
 void ebpf_domain_initialize_loop_counter(ebpf_domain_t& dom, const label_t& label) {
     ebpf_transformer{dom}.initialize_loop_counter(label);
 }
📜 Review details

Configuration used: CodeRabbit UI
Review profile: ASSERTIVE

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 37be029 and 71c3f8d.

📒 Files selected for processing (25)
  • src/asm_cfg.cpp (4 hunks)
  • src/asm_files.cpp (14 hunks)
  • src/asm_files.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/asm_unmarshal.cpp (3 hunks)
  • src/config.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/crab/cfg.hpp (2 hunks)
  • src/crab/ebpf_checker.cpp (12 hunks)
  • src/crab/ebpf_domain.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/crab/ebpf_transformer.cpp (1 hunks)
  • src/crab/fwd_analyzer.cpp (7 hunks)
  • src/crab/fwd_analyzer.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/crab_verifier.cpp (1 hunks)
  • src/crab_verifier.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/linux/linux_platform.cpp (3 hunks)
  • src/main/check.cpp (1 hunks)
  • src/main/run_yaml.cpp (1 hunks)
  • src/spec_type_descriptors.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp (3 hunks)
  • src/test/ebpf_yaml.hpp (1 hunks)
  • src/test/test_verify.cpp (3 hunks)
  • src/test/test_yaml.cpp (1 hunks)
  • test-data/jump.yaml (15 hunks)
  • test-data/loop.yaml (7 hunks)
  • test-data/shift.yaml (0 hunks)
  • test-data/unsigned.yaml (46 hunks)
💤 Files with no reviewable changes (1)
  • test-data/shift.yaml
🧰 Additional context used
📓 Learnings (1)
src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp (1)
Learnt from: dthaler
PR: vbpf/ebpf-verifier#721
File: src/ebpf_yaml.cpp:327-329
Timestamp: 2024-11-12T09:50:16.890Z
Learning: In `src/ebpf_yaml.cpp`, avoid suggesting changes to error handling code in the `run_conformance_test_case` function if the code is not modified in the current PR.
🪛 cppcheck
src/asm_files.cpp

[error] 134-134: Syntax Error

(internalAstError)

src/crab/ebpf_checker.cpp

[style] 105-105: The function 'ebpf_domain_check' is never used.

(unusedFunction)

src/crab/fwd_analyzer.cpp

[style] 132-132: The function 'run_forward_analyzer' is never used.

(unusedFunction)

src/crab_verifier.cpp

[error] 134-134: Syntax Error

(internalAstError)

src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp

[style] 406-406: The function 'print_failure' is never used.

(unusedFunction)

🔇 Additional comments (46)
src/crab/fwd_analyzer.hpp (1)

13-16: 🧹 Nitpick (assertive)

LGTM! Consider adding documentation.

The introduction of invariant_map_pair improves code clarity by providing meaningful names for the pre/post invariant tables. Consider adding documentation to describe the purpose and usage of this struct and its members.

Add documentation like this:

+/// Represents the pre and post conditions of a forward analysis
+/// @pre: invariant table representing program state before analysis
+/// @post: invariant table representing program state after analysis
 struct invariant_map_pair {
     invariant_table_t pre;
     invariant_table_t post;
 };
⛔ Skipped due to learnings
Learnt from: Alan-Jowett
PR: vbpf/ebpf-verifier#745
File: src/crab/fwd_analyzer.hpp:14-14
Timestamp: 2024-11-12T09:50:16.890Z
Learning: When reviewing changes, avoid suggesting documentation additions for pre-existing functions (e.g., `run_forward_analyzer` in `src/crab/fwd_analyzer.hpp`) if they are outside the scope of the current PR.
src/test/ebpf_yaml.hpp (1)

33-33: 🧹 Nitpick (assertive)

Consider maintaining output stream flexibility

The removal of the std::ostream& out parameter from print_failure might reduce flexibility and testability. While this simplifies the interface, it could make it harder to:

  • Redirect output for testing purposes
  • Capture output in different formats or destinations
  • Support scenarios where custom output handling is needed

Consider one of these alternatives:

-void print_failure(const Failure& failure);
+// Option 1: Keep the stream parameter for maximum flexibility
+void print_failure(const Failure& failure, std::ostream& out = std::cerr);
+
+// Option 2: If removing the parameter, add a way to configure the output
+class FailureReporter {
+    static void setOutputStream(std::ostream& out);
+    static void print_failure(const Failure& failure);
+};

Let's check if there are any test cases that might be affected by this change:

src/config.hpp (2)

46-47: LGTM! Good use of uniform initialization.

The use of uniform initialization syntax ({}) is a good modern C++ practice that prevents narrowing conversions and provides consistent initialization behavior.


46-47: Verify removal of total_unreachable member

The removal of total_unreachable from ebpf_verifier_stats_t aligns with the PR objective of eliminating reachability notes. However, we should verify that all code previously using this field has been updated accordingly.

✅ Verification successful

Based on the search results, I can now generate the final response since I have sufficient information about the usage of the ebpf_verifier_stats_t struct and any potential references to total_unreachable.

Removal of total_unreachable member is safe

The search results confirm that all existing code has been properly updated. The ebpf_verifier_stats_t struct is only used in a few places, and all references are correctly using just the remaining fields (total_warnings and max_loop_count). No lingering references to total_unreachable were found in the codebase.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Search for any remaining references to total_unreachable that might need updating

# Search for direct references to total_unreachable
echo "Searching for direct references to total_unreachable..."
rg "total_unreachable" -A 3

# Search for uses of ebpf_verifier_stats_t to review the context
echo "Searching for uses of ebpf_verifier_stats_t..."
rg "ebpf_verifier_stats_t" -A 3

Length of output: 2550

src/main/run_yaml.cpp (1)

44-44: Verify the new print_failure implementation.

The removal of std::cout parameter aligns with the PR's goal of improving error handling. However, please ensure that:

  1. The new print_failure implementation properly handles output internally
  2. Test coverage includes scenarios where output needs to be captured or redirected

Let's verify the new implementation:

✅ Verification successful

Removal of std::cout parameter is correctly implemented

Based on the verification results:

  1. The print_failure implementation in src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp now handles output internally using std::cout
  2. The change has been consistently applied across the codebase, with all calls updated to use the single-parameter version
  3. The function is used in test scenarios (test_yaml.cpp) with proper error handling
🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check the new print_failure implementation and its test coverage

# Check if print_failure is tested with different output scenarios
rg -A 5 "print_failure.*test" 

# Verify if there are any tests capturing stdout
rg -A 5 "capture.*stdout.*print_failure"

# Look for other usages to ensure consistent update
ast-grep --pattern 'print_failure($_)'

Length of output: 115


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's try a broader search to find the print_failure implementation and its usages

# Find print_failure definition
rg -A 10 "void.*print_failure"

# Find all print_failure calls
rg -l "print_failure"

# Find test files that might contain print_failure usage
fd "test.*\.(cpp|hpp)"

Length of output: 1880


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's check the other files that use print_failure to see if they've been updated consistently

# Check the implementation in other files
rg -A 5 "print_failure\(" src/config.hpp src/crab_verifier.cpp src/main/check.cpp src/main/linux_verifier.cpp src/linux/linux_platform.cpp

# Check test_yaml.cpp specifically since it's a test file
rg -A 5 "print_failure" src/test/test_yaml.cpp

Length of output: 506

src/test/test_yaml.cpp (1)

16-16: Verify error output visibility after removing std::cout parameter

The removal of the output stream parameter suggests that print_failure now handles output internally.

Let's verify the error output handling in related files:

✅ Verification successful

Error output handling is properly maintained after parameter removal

The verification shows that print_failure in src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp has been updated to handle output internally using std::cout. The function continues to provide comprehensive error reporting by printing:

  • Unexpected and unseen properties
  • Unexpected and unseen messages
  • All with proper indentation and formatting

The removal of the output stream parameter was a refactoring improvement that simplified the interface while maintaining the same functionality.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check how print_failure handles output after the change

# Check print_failure implementation
rg -A 10 "print_failure.*\(" src/

# Check if there are any other error reporting mechanisms
rg -g "!*.md" -g "!*.txt" "std::cerr|std::cout" src/test/

Length of output: 5463

src/spec_type_descriptors.hpp (1)

58-64: Verify the performance impact of the data structure change.

The change from vector to map for line_info suggests a shift from sequential to associative access patterns. While this improves lookup efficiency, it might impact memory usage and iteration performance.

Let's analyze the usage patterns to ensure this is the right choice:

✅ Verification successful

Let me gather more context about the line_info usage patterns.


The change from vector to map for line_info is appropriate for its access patterns

Based on the code analysis, the change to std::map is justified because:

  • Primary access pattern is random access by instruction index (PC) via .at(pc) and line_info[i]
  • Line info is sparsely populated (BTF only includes info for first instruction per source line)
  • Modifications are done through insert_or_assign, which is map-specific
  • No performance-critical sequential iteration patterns were found

The memory overhead of using std::map is acceptable given:

  • Line info is debug information, not critical path data
  • Sparse nature of the data makes map more memory efficient than a potentially large vector with empty slots
🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check how line_info is accessed in the codebase
# Look for patterns that might indicate sequential access vs random access

# Search for direct access patterns
rg -A 3 "line_info\[" 

# Search for iteration patterns
rg -A 3 "line_info\.(begin|end)"

# Search for find/lookup patterns
rg -A 3 "line_info\.(find|count|at)"

Length of output: 676


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Search for all occurrences of line_info to understand its usage patterns
rg -B 2 -A 2 "line_info" --type cpp

# Look for any modifications to line_info
ast-grep --pattern 'line_info[$_] = $_'

# Check if there are any loops involving line_info
ast-grep --pattern 'for ($$$) { $$$ line_info $$$ }'

Length of output: 8164

src/crab/ebpf_domain.hpp (2)

31-31: LGTM! Making the domain parameter const improves code clarity.

The change to make ebpf_domain_t parameter const clearly indicates that the checking operation won't modify the domain state. This aligns well with the PR's objective of avoiding transformations during the checking phase and helps maintain a clear separation of concerns.


31-31: Verify the removal of the label parameter.

The label_t parameter has been removed from the function signature. Let's verify that this change is consistent with all call sites.

✅ Verification successful

Based on the search results, I can generate the final response as we have sufficient information about all usages of ebpf_domain_check:

The removal of the label parameter is consistent across the codebase

The function is defined in ebpf_domain.hpp and implemented in ebpf_checker.cpp with the new two-parameter signature. The only call site in crab_verifier.cpp has been updated to match the new signature, with the label being used after the function call to store warnings in the appropriate context.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check if there are any remaining uses of the label parameter in ebpf_domain_check calls

# Search for old function calls that might still pass a label
rg -U "ebpf_domain_check.*,.*,.*\)" 

# Search for all current usages of ebpf_domain_check
rg "ebpf_domain_check\(" -A 2

Length of output: 761

test-data/loop.yaml (2)

Line range hint 285-302: LGTM! Improved clarity in unreachability messages

The updated error messages now clearly indicate the specific conditions that lead to unreachability, making it easier to understand why the code becomes unreachable. This aligns well with the PR's goal of improving error handling.


Line range hint 320-373: LGTM! Consistent error handling across different loop conditions

The error messages maintain consistency across different types of loop conditions (eq, gt, gte) while accurately reflecting the specific conditions that cause unreachability. The multiple exit case correctly identifies unreachability conditions for both exit paths.

src/linux/linux_platform.cpp (2)

6-14: LGTM: Improved macro formatting

The multi-line formatting of PTYPE and PTYPE_PRIVILEGED macros enhances readability while maintaining functionality.


22-22: Verify header dependencies

The addition of asm_files.hpp is required for the new UnmarshalError type. Let's verify there are no circular dependencies.

✅ Verification successful

Let me gather more specific information about the include dependencies.

The previous output shows that UnmarshalError is defined in asm_files.hpp and is used across multiple files including linux_platform.cpp. I need to verify the include structure to ensure there's no circular dependency before making a final determination.


Let me try one more search to locate and check the content of these files:

The previous output shows that linux_platform.cpp includes asm_files.hpp, but we need to find the actual location of these files and verify their contents to ensure there's no circular dependency.


Based on the results, I can now generate the final response:

Including asm_files.hpp is safe and necessary

The include of asm_files.hpp is safe as there is no circular dependency - asm_files.hpp only includes asm_syntax.hpp and platform.hpp, neither of which includes linux_platform.hpp. The include is necessary as it provides the UnmarshalError exception class used in the code.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check for potential circular dependencies with asm_files.hpp

# Search for includes of linux_platform.hpp in asm_files.hpp
echo "Checking for circular dependencies..."
rg -l "linux_platform\.hpp" "src/.*asm_files\.hpp"

# Check the include hierarchy
echo "Checking include hierarchy..."
rg --type cpp --type hpp -l "#include.*" "src/.*" | while read -r file; do
  echo "=== $file ==="
  rg "#include.*" "$file"
done

Length of output: 3073


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Check direct includes in both files
echo "=== Checking asm_files.hpp includes ==="
rg "#include" "src/.*asm_files\.hpp"

echo -e "\n=== Checking linux_platform.cpp includes ==="
rg "#include" "src/linux/linux_platform.cpp"

# Check if linux_platform.hpp exists and its includes
echo -e "\n=== Checking linux_platform.hpp includes (if exists) ==="
fd "linux_platform.hpp" --exec rg "#include" {}

Length of output: 739


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Find the actual paths of relevant files
echo "=== Finding asm_files.hpp ==="
fd -e hpp -e h "asm_files"

echo -e "\n=== Finding linux_platform.hpp ==="
fd -e hpp -e h "linux_platform"

# Once found, check their contents
echo -e "\n=== Contents of found files ==="
fd -e hpp -e h "asm_files|linux_platform" --exec cat {}

Length of output: 1608

src/asm_cfg.cpp (3)

90-90: LGTM: Appropriate use of domain-specific exception

The change improves error handling by using InvalidControlFlow exception with contextual information for illegal recursion detection.


166-166: LGTM: Proper validation of input sequence

The change appropriately uses InvalidControlFlow for handling empty instruction sequences.


90-90: Verify consistent error handling across related files

The changes consistently use InvalidControlFlow for control flow related errors. Let's verify this pattern is followed in related files.

Also applies to: 146-146, 166-166, 186-186

✅ Verification successful

Based on the shell script results, I can now generate the final response:

Error handling is consistent with domain-specific exceptions

The codebase follows a clear pattern for error handling:

  • Domain-specific exceptions like InvalidControlFlow are used for control flow related errors
  • InvalidInstruction for instruction parsing/validation errors
  • Standard exceptions are appropriately used for their specific purposes:
    • runtime_error for runtime configuration issues
    • invalid_argument for API validation

The changes in asm_cfg.cpp align with this pattern by using InvalidControlFlow for control flow specific errors.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check for consistent error handling patterns across related files

# Check for any remaining std::runtime_error or std::invalid_argument usage
echo "Checking for standard exceptions in related files..."
rg -A 2 "std::(runtime_error|invalid_argument)" src/

# Check for consistent use of InvalidControlFlow
echo "Checking InvalidControlFlow usage patterns..."
rg -A 2 "InvalidControlFlow" src/

# Look for other throw statements to ensure consistency
echo "Checking all throw statements..."
rg -A 2 "throw\s+" src/

Length of output: 38375

src/crab/cfg.hpp (2)

25-28: LGTM! Well-designed exception class.

The InvalidControlFlow exception class follows C++ best practices with:

  • final specifier to prevent inheritance
  • explicit constructor to prevent implicit conversions
  • Proper inheritance from std::runtime_error

330-330: Verify C++20 compatibility requirement.

The change to std::ranges::sort is a good modernization, but we should ensure the project's minimum C++ version requirement is compatible with C++20.

✅ Verification successful

C++20 compatibility is properly configured

The project explicitly requires and configures C++20:

  • CMake sets CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20 and CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON
  • MSVC compiler flags include /std:c++20

The use of std::ranges::sort is safe.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check C++ standard version requirement in build files

# Look for C++ standard specification in CMake files
fd -e cmake -e txt . | xargs rg -i "std|c\+\+|cmake_cxx"

# Check compiler flags in build system
fd -e make -e mk . | xargs rg -i "std=|c\+\+|CXXFLAGS"

Length of output: 4016

src/test/ebpf_yaml.cpp (2)

263-270: LGTM! Well-structured parameter passing

The use of analyze_params_t for structured parameter passing is a good improvement. It makes the function call more explicit and maintainable while allowing for future extensibility.


376-386: LGTM! Consistent use of structured parameters

The changes maintain consistency with run_yaml_test_case by using the same structured parameter approach with analyze_params_t. The result determination based on total_warnings is clear and straightforward.

src/asm_files.cpp (2)

474-475: LGTM! BTF line information handling is improved.

The code now properly handles BTF line information by using insert_or_assign which is more efficient than separate existence check and update operations.


Line range hint 408-415: Verify relocation offset validation.

The code validates relocation offsets, but let's verify that all possible edge cases are handled correctly.

✅ Verification successful

The initial results show the basic validation patterns, but let's gather more context about the relocation handling structure and test coverage to ensure all edge cases are properly handled.


Based on the results from both script executions, I can now provide a final response about the relocation offset validation:

The relocation offset validation is properly implemented with comprehensive error handling

The code implements multiple layers of validation for relocation offsets:

  • Validates offset bounds against program size and program offset
  • Checks for malformed relocation data
  • Ensures offset alignment with instruction size
  • Includes descriptive error messages for each failure case

The error handling is consistent across the codebase with proper UnmarshalError exceptions for:

  • Invalid relocation data
  • Malformed relocation data
  • Out-of-bounds offsets
  • Missing map sections when relocations are present
🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Search for all relocation handling patterns in the codebase
# to ensure consistent validation

# Look for relocation offset validation patterns
rg -A 5 "offset.*program_offset" 

# Look for similar validation patterns in test files
fd -e cpp -e c test_ --exec rg -A 5 "relocation.*offset" {}

Length of output: 2459


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's analyze the relocation handling more comprehensively

# Look for relocation-related error handling
rg -A 5 "UnmarshalError.*reloc"

# Find all relocation-related struct/class definitions
ast-grep --pattern 'struct $_ {
  $$$
  offset
  $$$
}'

# Look for test cases involving relocations
rg -A 10 "TEST.*reloc"

Length of output: 1655

src/asm_unmarshal.cpp (4)

699-699: LGTM: Method signature simplification

The removal of the line_info parameter in favor of accessing it through info.line_info improves encapsulation and aligns with the code reorganization objectives.


776-777: LGTM: Safe line info access

Good use of vector::at() for bounds-checked access to line_info. This prevents potential out-of-bounds access issues.


799-799: LGTM: Consistent error handling

The error handling remains robust while consistently using raw_prog.info for line information access.


Line range hint 699-799: Verify complete removal of direct line_info parameter usage

Let's verify that there are no remaining direct line_info parameter usages that should have been converted to use info.line_info.

✅ Verification successful

Based on the search results, I can now generate the final response:

No remaining direct line_info parameter usages found

The code changes are correct. All line_info accesses in the unmarshal function are properly using info.line_info from the program_info struct. The search results confirm that there are no remaining direct line_info parameter usages that need to be converted.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Search for any remaining direct line_info parameter usage patterns
rg -U "unmarshal.*line_info.*\)" --type cpp

Length of output: 45


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's search for any line_info related patterns in the codebase
rg "line_info" --type cpp -B 2 -A 2

Length of output: 8067

test-data/unsigned.yaml (2)

Line range hint 1-1251: Comprehensive test coverage for integer comparisons!

The test suite provides excellent coverage of integer comparison operations, including:

  • Signed and unsigned comparisons
  • Edge cases with INT_MIN, INT_MAX
  • Various integer ranges and their interactions
  • Both 32-bit and 64-bit integer handling

Line range hint 1-1251: Verify coverage of additional edge cases

Let's verify if we have sufficient coverage for all edge cases.

✅ Verification successful

Let me generate additional verification scripts to better analyze the test coverage:


Based on the comprehensive analysis of the test cases, I can now provide a final response:

Test coverage for integer comparisons is thorough and well-structured

The test suite demonstrates comprehensive coverage of integer comparison operations:

  • Covers all basic comparison operators (<, <=, >, >=, !=)
  • Tests both signed and unsigned comparisons (regular and 'w' prefixed)
  • Includes edge cases with INT_MIN, INT_MAX, UINT_MAX values
  • Tests various range combinations (single values, intervals)
  • Verifies behavior for both 32-bit and 64-bit integers
  • Includes boundary condition tests for unreachable code paths
  • Tests narrowing operations and relation implications

The test cases systematically cover:

  • Positive/negative number comparisons
  • Range-based comparisons
  • Overflow/underflow scenarios
  • Type-specific edge cases (signed vs unsigned)
  • Interval arithmetic
  • Unreachability conditions
🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Check for missing edge cases in integer comparison tests

# Look for INT_MAX, INT_MIN, UINT_MAX tests
echo "Checking coverage of key edge cases..."
rg -c "INT_MAX|INT_MIN|UINT_MAX" test-data/unsigned.yaml

# Check for floating-point comparison tests
echo "Checking for floating-point tests..."
rg -c "float|double" test-data/unsigned.yaml

# Look for potential gaps in test coverage
echo "Checking for potential missing test cases..."
for op in "==" "===" "<=>" ">>>" "<<<"; do
  echo "Checking operator: $op"
  rg -c "$op" test-data/unsigned.yaml
done

Length of output: 1040


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Check test coverage more comprehensively

# Check all comparison operators used in test cases
echo "Checking comparison operators in test cases:"
rg -o "assume \w+\s*[<>=!]+\s*\w+" test-data/unsigned.yaml | sort | uniq -c

# Check numeric ranges and edge cases
echo -e "\nChecking numeric ranges and edge cases:"
rg "svalue=|uvalue=" test-data/unsigned.yaml | grep -E "[\-\+]?[0-9]+" | sort | uniq -c

# Check test case categories
echo -e "\nAnalyzing test case categories:"
rg "^test-case:" test-data/unsigned.yaml | sort | uniq -c

# Check message patterns
echo -e "\nAnalyzing assertion messages:"
rg "messages:" -A 1 test-data/unsigned.yaml | grep "Code becomes unreachable" | sort | uniq -c

Length of output: 24284

src/crab_verifier.cpp (2)

134-134: Verify Potential Syntax Error at Line 134

Static analysis reports a syntax error at line 134. Please verify the syntax of the following line:

invariant_map.insert_or_assign(label, invariants.post.at(label).to_set());

Ensure that all parentheses are correctly matched and that insert_or_assign is supported in your standard library. Note that insert_or_assign requires C++17 or later.

🧰 Tools
🪛 cppcheck

[error] 134-134: Syntax Error

(internalAstError)


162-165: 🧹 Nitpick (assertive)

Consistent Use of Output Streams in Exception Handling

In the exception handling blocks, os is used for crab::InvalidControlFlow and UnmarshalError, but std::cerr is used for std::logic_error. For consistency and to respect the output stream provided in params.os, consider using os for all error messages.

Apply this diff to make the output stream consistent:

} catch (std::logic_error& e) {
-    std::cerr << e.what();
+    os << e.what();
}

Likely invalid or redundant comment.

src/crab/fwd_analyzer.cpp (9)

53-53: Unified invariant storage improves code maintainability

The introduction of _inv consolidates pre and postcondition maps into a single structure, enhancing clarity and reducing code complexity.


66-66: Update set_pre to use unified invariant map

The set_pre method correctly updates the precondition in the new _inv map.


79-79: Efficiently store postconditions with std::move

Using std::move(pre) when storing into _inv.post[label] efficiently transfers ownership, ensuring no unnecessary copies.


103-104: Correct handling of entry node in join_all_prevs

Returning get_pre(node) when node is the entry label ensures the initial precondition is used, which is appropriate since the entry node has no predecessors.


116-117: Initialize invariants for all labels in constructor

Initializing _inv.pre and _inv.post for each label to bottom ensures all nodes have defined invariants before analysis begins.


121-123: Accessor methods use .at() for map retrieval

Using .at() in get_pre and get_post enforces that the node must exist in the map, throwing an exception if not found. Confirm that all labels are properly initialized and accessed to prevent unintended exceptions.

Consider adding checks or handling exceptions to enhance robustness.


147-147: Return analyzer's invariants efficiently

Returning std::move(analyzer._inv) efficiently transfers the invariants without unnecessary copying.


159-162: Accurate computation of preconditions and postconditions

In operator()(const label_t& node), computing pre using join_all_prevs(node) and then transforming to post with transform_to_post reflects the correct analysis flow.


132-132: Verify usage of run_forward_analyzer

The run_forward_analyzer function is introduced, but static analysis indicates it might be unused. Ensure that this function is properly called within the codebase.

Run the following script to check for usages:

✅ Verification successful

Function run_forward_analyzer is actively used in the codebase

The function is properly used in src/crab_verifier.cpp and has the expected declaration in header file. The static analysis concern is unfounded as there is clear evidence of its usage.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Search for usages of run_forward_analyzer in the codebase

rg 'run_forward_analyzer\s*\('

Length of output: 483

🧰 Tools
🪛 cppcheck

[style] 132-132: The function 'run_forward_analyzer' is never used.

(unusedFunction)

src/main/check.cpp (1)

236-236: Confirm compatibility of designated initializers with target compilers

The use of a designated initializer in the function call:

const auto [verifier_stats, seconds] = timed_execution([&prog] { return analyze_and_report({.prog = &prog}); });

relies on C++20 syntax. Ensure that the codebase and all target compilers support C++20 features, or adjust the code to maintain compatibility.

Run the following script to check the compiler support:

This script attempts to compile a simple program using designated initializers with each compiler. If any compiler fails, it indicates incompatibility with C++20 features.

✅ Verification successful

C++20 support is explicitly required and configured in the project

The CMake configuration explicitly sets and requires C++20 for both GCC/Clang and MSVC:

  • For GCC/Clang:
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
  • For MSVC:
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /std:c++20")

The use of designated initializers is fully compatible with the project's compiler requirements, as C++20 is explicitly set as the required standard across all supported compilers.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Verify that the target compilers support C++20 features used in the codebase.

# List of target compilers (adjust as per project requirements)
compilers=("g++-10" "g++-11" "clang++-12" "clang++-13")

# Test: Compile a simple program using designated initializers.
for compiler in "${compilers[@]}"; do
    echo "Testing with $compiler"
    echo 'int main() { auto x = {.a = 1}; return 0; }' | $compiler -std=c++20 -x c++ -o /dev/null -
done

Length of output: 1109


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's check the CMake configuration and compiler requirements

# Check CMakeLists.txt files for C++ standard requirements
echo "=== Checking CMake C++ standard requirements ==="
fd "CMakeLists.txt" --exec cat {}

# Check for any compiler version requirements or checks
echo -e "\n=== Checking compiler version requirements ==="
rg -i "cmake_minimum_required|set.*cmake|compiler|c\+\+\s*\d+" --type cmake

# Look for any build documentation
echo -e "\n=== Checking build documentation ==="
fd "README|BUILDING|INSTALL" --extension md --exec cat {}

Length of output: 17937

src/crab/ebpf_checker.cpp (1)

105-118: 🛠️ Refactor suggestion

Unused function ebpf_domain_check

The function ebpf_domain_check is declared but appears to be unused in the codebase. Consider removing it if it's unnecessary or ensure that it is invoked appropriately if it is intended to be part of the functionality.

To verify if the function is used elsewhere in the codebase, you can run the following script:

🧰 Tools
🪛 cppcheck

[style] 105-105: The function 'ebpf_domain_check' is never used.

(unusedFunction)

src/test/test_verify.cpp (4)

44-46: Refactored to use analyze_and_report function

The VERIFY_SECTION macro now utilizes the analyze_and_report function with structured parameters, replacing the previous ebpf_verify_program call. This enhances code clarity and maintainability.


63-65: Updated VERIFY_PROGRAM macro for consistency

The VERIFY_PROGRAM macro has been refactored to use analyze_and_report with analyze_params_t, aligning it with the changes in VERIFY_SECTION. This ensures consistency and improves code readability.


626-627: Proper usage of std::unique_ptr with std::move

The std::make_unique<cfg_t>(std::move(cfg1)) correctly transfers ownership of cfg1 to the unique pointer before passing it to the thread. Confirm that cfg1 and cfg2 are not used after being moved to prevent undefined behavior.


603-604: Verify thread safety of program_info access

In the test_analyze_thread function, program_info* info is passed to multiple threads. Please verify that program_info is safe for concurrent access and that there are no race conditions when accessing shared data.

Run the following script to check for mutable access to program_info within analyze_and_report:

This script checks for any assignments to fields of info within the source files, ensuring program_info remains immutable during analysis.

✅ Verification successful

Thread safety is properly handled for program_info access

The code is safe for concurrent access because:

  1. program_info is stored in thread-local storage via thread_local crab::lazy_allocator<program_info> global_program_info
  2. In test_analyze_thread, each thread gets its own program_info pointer and operates on separate data
  3. The analyze_and_report function copies the input program_info to its thread-local storage: global_program_info = *params.info

No synchronization is needed as each thread works with its own copy of the data in thread-local storage.

🏁 Scripts executed

The following scripts were executed for the analysis:

Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Description: Ensure that `program_info` is not modified within `analyze_and_report`.

# Search for assignments to members of `program_info` within `analyze_and_report`.
ast-grep --pattern $'function_definition
  name: (identifier) @func_name
  body: (compound_statement) @body
{
  $(member_expression 
     object: (identifier) @obj_name (#eq? @obj_name "info")
     field: (field_identifier) @field_name) = $_;
}
' src/

Length of output: 252


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's try a different approach to analyze thread safety:

# 1. Find the definition of analyze_and_report to understand how it uses program_info
ast-grep --pattern 'analyze_and_report($$$) {
  $$$
}'

# 2. Search for program_info definition and usage
rg -A 5 "struct\s+program_info" 

# 3. Look for any modifications to program_info members
rg -A 3 "info->"

# 4. Check if there are any mutex/locks protecting program_info
rg -B 2 -A 2 "mutex|lock.*program_info"

Length of output: 7889


Script:

#!/bin/bash
# Let's examine analyze_and_report implementation and how program_info is used

# 1. Find analyze_and_report definition and its usage of program_info
rg -B 5 -A 10 "analyze_and_report"

# 2. Look for global_program_info usage and initialization
rg "global_program_info" --type cpp

# 3. Check if program_info is used in any concurrent/parallel context
rg -w "thread|async|parallel" --type cpp -B 2 -A 2

Length of output: 13922

src/crab/ebpf_transformer.cpp (1)

144-144: Approved: Enhancing exception message with invariant state

Including inv in the exception message provides valuable context for debugging by showing the state of the invariant when the analysis leads to bottom. This change improves the clarity of error reporting.

src/crab/fwd_analyzer.hpp Show resolved Hide resolved
src/asm_files.hpp Show resolved Hide resolved
src/spec_type_descriptors.hpp Show resolved Hide resolved
test-data/loop.yaml Show resolved Hide resolved
src/linux/linux_platform.cpp Show resolved Hide resolved
src/crab/fwd_analyzer.cpp Show resolved Hide resolved
src/main/check.cpp Show resolved Hide resolved
src/main/check.cpp Show resolved Hide resolved
src/main/check.cpp Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
src/crab/ebpf_checker.cpp Show resolved Hide resolved
Signed-off-by: Elazar Gershuni <[email protected]>
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Actionable comments posted: 1

📜 Review details

Configuration used: CodeRabbit UI
Review profile: ASSERTIVE

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 71c3f8d and 5044c77.

📒 Files selected for processing (1)
  • src/main/check.cpp (1 hunks)
🔇 Additional comments (3)
src/main/check.cpp (3)

238-241: 🧹 Nitpick (assertive)

Consider displaying termination information regardless of verification result

Currently, the termination message is printed only when pass is true. Providing termination details even when verification fails can offer valuable insights during debugging and analysis.

Apply this diff to adjust the condition:

- if (pass && ebpf_verifier_options.cfg_opts.check_for_termination &&
+ if (ebpf_verifier_options.cfg_opts.check_for_termination &&

242-242: 🧹 Nitpick (assertive)

Enhance output readability by formatting boolean values

Printing the pass variable directly outputs 1 or 0, which may be unclear. Using std::boolalpha will display true or false, improving readability.

Apply this diff to format the boolean output:

- std::cout << pass << "," << seconds << "," << resident_set_size_kb() << "\n";
+ std::cout << std::boolalpha << pass << "," << seconds << "," << resident_set_size_kb() << "\n";

243-243: Verify exit code behavior across platforms

Returning !pass aligns the exit code with standard conventions, returning 0 on success and 1 on failure. Ensure this behavior is consistent and intended across different operating systems.

Run the following script to confirm exit code behavior:

src/main/check.cpp Show resolved Hide resolved
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coveralls commented Nov 15, 2024

Coverage Status

coverage: 90.826% (+0.2%) from 90.642%
when pulling 5044c77 on transform-once
into 37be029 on main.

@Alan-Jowett
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(I don't think I understand the valgrind failure)

Can you point me to the valgrind failure?

@elazarg
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elazarg commented Nov 16, 2024

Can you point me to the valgrind failure?

I returned pass instead of !pass. Coderabbit caught it (which is kinda impressive)

@elazarg
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elazarg commented Nov 17, 2024

Superceded by #796

@elazarg elazarg closed this Nov 17, 2024
@elazarg elazarg deleted the transform-once branch November 17, 2024 16:07
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3 participants