TengiNews Clone

Introduction

TengiNews Clone is a Django-based web application that replicates a news aggregator platform. It allows users to view news articles, create posts, subscribe to newsletters, and receive email notifications. The project utilizes Django, PostgreSQL, and AWS for its functionalities.

Live Demo here

Main Features

Architecture Design:

Design Pattern: Model-View-Template (MVT)

Analyzed functional and non-functional requirements, defining core functions like viewing news, creating/editing posts, and managing subscriptions. Designed database models (e.g NewsPost, EmailConfirmation) and logic for user-subscription management.

Technology and architecture choices:

Used Django for web development due to its comprehensive toolset, including ORM, authentication, form handling, and subscription management. Selected PostgreSQL for its reliability, performance, and extensibility. Preferred html,css and bootstrap because it allows you to quickly and efficiently create a front-end and is also well integrated with Django

Development of functionality:

Developed Django models (NewsPost, EmailConfirmation, Category, User, Subscription) with defined fields, relationships, and methods. Implemented custom forms (PostForm, UserRegistrationForm, UserLoginForm, SubscriptionForm) for data input and validation. Utilized Django CBF Generic Views to manage news display and post creation.

Integration with external services

Integrated AWS S3 for uploading news-related images and files. Used SMTP for email notifications to subscribers about new posts in their categories.

Unique approaches

Using Django Signals for subscriber notifications Automatically send notifications to subscribers when a newpost is created using Django Signals(post_save).

Integration with AWS S3 for storing media files Store images and media files in AWS S3 for efficient media content management and retrieving media content by image_link(object url)

Using Django Generic Views and forms for data management Using Django Generic Views and creating custom forms to easily manage application data.

Scheduling Tasks with APScheduler Automation of repetitive tasks, for example, parsing of news from the site tengrinews.kz from 1 to 8 pages every 5 minutes and thus constantly dynamically provide the latest news, the use of APScheduler for regular data updates.

Using SMTP to send email notifications Send email notifications to subscribers about new posts using SMTP to actively inform users

Compromises and Challenges

1. Simplified User Interface: Challenge: Balancing design simplicity to prioritize essential features over aesthetics. Compromise: Opted for minimalist UI design to expedite development and focus on core functionalities.

2. Session Based Authentication: Challenge: Implementing authentication using Django's session-based system. Compromise: Chose session-based authentication for quick setup, acknowledging limitations compared to token-based methods.

3. Scheduler Jobs in Single Process: Challenge: Managing scheduled tasks within one process without distributed queues. Compromise: Used Django's built-in task scheduling in one process to minimize complexity, despite scalability limitations.

4. Storing Parsed News Data in .json Files: Challenge: Using .json files instead of a database for parsed news data. Compromise: Chose .json storage for simplicity, despite scalability and queryability drawbacks compared to database

Levels I've passed/done

Level 1 - made the list of posts displayed, as well as the ability to click on a selected post and see the post details.

Level 2 - made pagination on Our News and Parsed News pages. I implemented search by title, filtering by categories and sorting by creating date.

Level 3 - wrote a parser using request and bs4 that parses the first 8 pages of tengrinews.kz to parse the latest news. I set up a cron job using django-apsheduler that runs the parser every 5 minutes and thus posts dynamically new news every 5 minutes every day.

Bonus Task - The Tengri News Clone application has been deployed and is now hosted on Render.com, utilizing a remote PostgreSQL database for data storage.

The live application can be accessed at https://tengri-news-clone.onrender.com/

Tech Stack

Backend

• Language: Python3.10
• Framework: Django
• Database: PostgreSQL
• Email Service: Gmail SMTP
• Task Scheduling: Django APScheduler
• AWS Integration: AWS S3 for file storage
• Parser: requests, Beautiful Soup

Frontend

• HTML/CSS: Bootstrap, Jinja templates

Development Environment

Installation (Linux)

git clone [email protected]:TemirlannK2004/Tengri-News-Clone.git

cd Tengri-News-Clone

python3 -m venv venv

source venv/bin/activate

pip install -r requirements.txt 

Configuration

Before applying migrations, creating superusers or running the server, you must create env variables file.

For linux

touch .env 

#.env

SECRET_KEY=_some_secret_key
DB_URL_PROD=_remote_db_link 

#for local development use this!!!,not DB_URL_PROD
DB_NAME=_your_db_name
DB_USER=_your_db_user
DB_PASSWORD=_your_db_password
DB_HOST=_your_db_host
DB_PORT=_your_db_port

AWS_ACCESS_KEY=_your_s3bucket_access_key
AWS_SECRET_KEY=_your_s3bucket_secret_key
AWS_BUCKET_NAME=_your_s3bucket_name
AWS_REGION=_s3_bucket_region

EMAIL_HOST =_smtp-host
EMAIL_PORT =_smtp-port
EMAIL_USE_TLS =_True
EMAIL_HOST_USER =_host-user
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD =_host-password

Applying Migrations and Creating Superuser: Once the database is configured, apply Django migrations to create the necessary database tables and create superuser:

python manage.py migrate
python manage.py createsuperuser

After setting up the database and applying migrations, start the Django development server:

python manage.py runserver

This command will run the server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/

Navigate to http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ for Accessing the Admin Interface

Project file structure

├── manage.py
├── README.md
├── requirements.txt
├── news_service
│   ├── admin.py
│   ├── apps.py
│   ├── aws.py
│   ├── forms.py
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── migrations
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── parser.py
│   ├── scheduler.py
│   ├── templatetags
│   ├── urls.py
│   ├── utils
│   └── views.py
|
├── staticfiles(django-admin)
|
├── templates
│   ├── html
│   │   ├── base
│   │   │   └── base.html
│   │   ├── email
│   │   │   ├── confirmation_email.html
│   │   │   ├── notification_email.html
│   │   │   └── success_sign_up.html
│   │   ├── news
│   │   │   ├── create_post.html
│   │   │   ├── news_list.html
│   │   │   ├── parsed_news_details.html
│   │   │   ├── parsed_news.html
│   │   │   └── post_detail.html
│   │   └── users
│   │       ├── login.html
│   │       ├── register.html
│   │       └── subscriptions.html
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├── tengrinews(core)
│   ├── asgi.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
│   
└── user_service
    ├── admin.py
    ├── apps.py
    ├── email.py
    ├── forms.py
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── migrations
    ├── models.py
    ├── signals.py
    ├── urls.py
    └──views.py

Support

If you have some troubles with project setup, you can contact with me

Email: [email protected]
Telegram: https://t.me/qwqwwwqwqw