feat: use semver to match required version

[ologbonowiwi]

• test: add test for required_version
• chore: install semver
• refactor: use semver to compare versions
• fix: use exact version for comparison when no comparator is specified
• refactor: avoid overhead by considering default behavior from semver
• test: add complex comparisons for required_version
• refactor: handle required_version parsing manually

Closes #6063

[ytmimi]

Thanks for working on this one so soon. I'll be a little busy this coming weekend so I wanted to at least get my initial review done now. Good stuff so far!

[ologbonowiwi]

changes addressed @ytmimi. Thanks for the quick feedback 😄

[ytmimi]

A few more notes, but we're moving in the right direction

[ytmimi]

I'll re-review this one again soon, just wanted to leave one quick comment on the updated docs, which I think are very user friendly!

When you have a moment could you squash all the commits down into a single commit.

[ytmimi]

Could you add a comment somewhere to this section to explain that this is used to workaround the default behavior of the semver crate. I think having that context captured in a comment for future readers of the code would be very useful.

[ytmimi]

Should the check change to this?

-        if !required.contains('^') && comparator.op == semver::Op::Caret {
+        if !required.starts_with'^') && comparator.op == semver::Op::Caret {
            comparator.op = semver::Op::Exact;
        }

also, to avoid any confusion between the required passed to the check_semver_version and the required in the body of the closure maybe one of those variables should be renamed?