Add two factor authentication.

Dockerfile

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ RUN apt-get update \
 	libfile-find-rule-perl-perl \
 	libfile-sharedir-install-perl \
 	libfuture-asyncawait-perl \
+	libgd-barcode-perl \
 	libgd-perl \
 	libhtml-scrubber-perl \
 	libhtml-template-perl \
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ RUN apt-get update \
 	libmail-sender-perl \
 	libmariadb-dev \
 	libmath-random-secure-perl \
+	libmime-base32-perl \
 	libmime-tools-perl \
 	libminion-backend-sqlite-perl \
 	libminion-perl \

DockerfileStage1

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ RUN apt-get update \
 	libfile-find-rule-perl-perl \
 	libfile-sharedir-install-perl \
 	libfuture-asyncawait-perl \
+	libgd-barcode-perl \
 	libgd-perl \
 	libhtml-scrubber-perl \
 	libhtml-template-perl \
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ RUN apt-get update \
 	libmail-sender-perl \
 	libmariadb-dev \
 	libmath-random-secure-perl \
+	libmime-base32-perl \
 	libmime-tools-perl \
 	libminion-backend-sqlite-perl \
 	libminion-perl \

bin/check_modules.pl

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ =head1 DESCRIPTION
 	File::Temp
 	Future::AsyncAwait
 	GD
+	GD::Barcode::QRcode
 	Getopt::Long
 	Getopt::Std
 	HTML::Entities
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ =head1 DESCRIPTION
 	Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
 	Locale::Maketext::Simple
 	LWP::Protocol::https
+	MIME::Base32
 	MIME::Base64
 	Math::Random::Secure
 	Minion

bin/reset2fa

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+warn "Pass users as additional arguments on the command line.\n"
+	. "Usage: wwsh $ce->{courseName} /opt/webwork/webwork2/bin/reset2fa [users]\n"
+	unless @ARGV;
+
+for (@ARGV) {
+	my $password = eval { $db->getPassword($_) };
+	if ($@) {
+		warn "Unable to retrieve password record for $_ from the database: $@\n";
+		next;
+	}
+
+	$password->otp_secret('');
+	eval { $db->putPassword($password) };
+	if ($@) {
+		warn "Unable to reset two factor authentication secret for $_: $@\n";
+	} else {
+		print "Successfully reset two factor authentication for $_.\n";
+	}
+}

conf/defaults.config

@@ -772,6 +772,7 @@ $authen{admin_module} = ['WeBWorK::Authen::Basic_TheLastOption'];
 %permissionLevels = (
 	login                          => "guest",
 	navigation_allowed             => "guest",
+	use_two_factor_auth            => "student",
 	report_bugs                    => "ta",
 	submit_feedback                => "student",
 	change_password                => "student",
@@ -944,6 +945,66 @@ $CookieSecure = 0;
 # when the browser session ends. The default value is 7 days.
 $CookieLifeTime = 604800;
 
+################################################################################
+# Two Factor Authentication
+################################################################################
+
+# The following variables enable two factor authentication and control how it
+# works. Two factor authentication only applies to courses that use password
+# authentication, i.e., the Basic_TheLastOption user authentication module
+# without an external authentication approach (like LTI, CAS, Shibboleth, etc.).
+# It is recommended that two factor authentication be enabled for all courses
+# that use password authentication. It is extremely highly recommended that this
+# be enabled for the admin course. Two factor authentication works with an
+# authenticator app on a mobile device (such as Google Authenticator,
+# Microsoft authenticator, Twilio Authy, etc.).
+
+# $twoFA{enabled} determines if two factor authentication is enabled for a
+# course. If this is set to 0, then two factor authentication is disabled for
+# all courses. If this is 1 (the default), then two factor authentication is
+# enabled for all courses that use password authentication. If this is a string
+# course name like 'admin', then two factor authentication is enabled only for
+# that course. If this is an array of string course names, then two factor
+# authentication is enabled only for those courses listed. This can also be set
+# in a course's course.conf file. Note that only the values of 0 and 1 make
+# sense there.
+$twoFA{enabled} = 1;
+
+# There are two methods that can be used to setup two factor authentication when
+# a user signs in for the first time. The setup information can be emailed to
+# the user, or can be directly displayed in the browser on the next page that is
+# shown after password verification succeeds.
+#
+# If $twoFA{email_sender} is set, then the email approach will be used. In this
+# case, after a user signs in and the password is verified, the user will be
+# sent an email containing a QR code and instructions on how to set up a OTP
+# generator app. This is probably a more secure way to set up two factor
+# authentication, as it ensures the user setting it up is the correct user. Note
+# that if a user does not have an email address, then the browser method below
+# will be used as a fallback.
+#
+# If $twoFA{email_sender} is not set, then after a user signs in and the
+# password is verified, the QR code, OTP link, and instructions will be
+# displayed directly on the page in the browser. This is potentially less secure
+# because a hacker could guess a username and password before a user has setup
+# two factor authentication (particularly if the username and password are
+# initially the same), and then the hacker would gain access to that user's
+# account, and the actual user would be locked out. Note that you will need to
+# use this option if your server can not send emails. Also note that no-reply
+# addresses may be blocked by the email server or marked as spam. So it may be
+# better to find a valid email address to use for this.
+$twoFA{email_sender} = '';
+
+# When a user signs in and enters the two factor authentication code, the user
+# has the option to skip two factor verification on a given device for
+# subsequent logins. That will only last for the amount of time set as the
+# skip_verification_code_interval. By default this is set to one year. However,
+# good security practices most likely recommend a shorter time interval for
+# this. So change this value if you want to require a shorter and thus more
+# secure time interval before users will need to enter the two factor
+# authentication code again.
+$twoFA{skip_verification_code_interval} = 3600 * 24 * 365;
+
 ################################################################################
 # WeBWorK Caliper
 ################################################################################

conf/localOverrides.conf.dist

@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ $mail{feedbackRecipients}    = [
 # $permissionLevels{login} = "guest";
 
 # The above code would give the permission to login to any user with permission
-# level guest or higher.
+# level guest or higher (which is the default).
 
 # By default answers for all users are logged to the past_answers table in the database
 # and the myCourse/logs/answer_log file.  If you only want answers logged for users below
@@ -574,6 +574,75 @@ $mail{feedbackRecipients}    = [
 #$CookieLifeTime = 604800;
 #$CookieLifeTime = "session";
 
+################################################################################
+# Two Factor Authentication
+################################################################################
+
+# The following variables enable two factor authentication and control how it
+# works. Two factor authentication only applies to courses that use password
+# authentication, i.e., the Basic_TheLastOption user authentication module
+# without an external authentication approach (like LTI, CAS, Shibboleth, etc.).
+# It is recommended that two factor authentication be enabled for all courses
+# that use password authentication. It is extremely highly recommended that this
+# be enabled for the admin course. Two factor authentication works with an
+# authenticator app on a mobile device (such as Google Authenticator,
+# Microsoft authenticator, Twilio Authy, etc.).
+
+# $twoFA{enabled} determines if two factor authentication is enabled for a
+# course. If this is set to 0, then two factor authentication is disabled for
+# all courses. If this is 1 (the default), then two factor authentication is
+# enabled for all courses that use password authentication. If this is a string
+# course name like 'admin', then two factor authentication is enabled only for
+# that course. If this is an array of string course names, then two factor
+# authentication is enabled only for those courses listed. This can also be set
+# in a course's course.conf file. Note that only the values of 0 and 1 make
+# sense there.
+#$twoFA{enabled} = $admin_course_id; # Use this at the very least.
+#$twoFA{enabled} = [$admin_course_id, 'another_courseID', 'another_courseID_3'];
+
+# There are two methods that can be used to setup two factor authentication when
+# a user signs in for the first time. The setup information can be emailed to
+# the user, or can be directly displayed in the browser on the next page that is
+# shown after password verification succeeds.
+#
+# If $twoFA{email_sender} is set, then the email approach will be used. In this
+# case, after a user signs in and the password is verified, the user will be
+# sent an email containing a QR code and instructions on how to set up a OTP
+# generator app. This is probably a more secure way to set up two factor
+# authentication, as it ensures the user setting it up is the correct user. Note
+# that if a user does not have an email address, then the browser method below
+# will be used as a fallback.
+#
+# If $twoFA{email_sender} is not set, then after a user signs in and the
+# password is verified, the QR code, OTP link, and instructions will be
+# displayed directly on the page in the browser. This is potentially less secure
+# because a hacker could guess a username and password before a user has setup
+# two factor authentication (particularly if the username and password are
+# initially the same), and then the hacker would gain access to that user's
+# account, and the actual user would be locked out. Note that you will need to
+# use this option if your server can not send emails. Also note that no-reply
+# addresses may be blocked by the email server or marked as spam. So it may be
+# better to find a valid email address to use for this.
+#$twoFA{email_sender} = '[email protected]';
+
+# When a user signs in and enters the two factor authentication code, the user
+# has the option to skip two factor verification on a given device for
+# subsequent logins. That will only last for the amount of time set as the
+# skip_verification_code_interval. By default this is set to one year. However,
+# good security practices most likely recommend a shorter time interval for
+# this. So change this value if you want to require a shorter and thus more
+# secure time interval before users will need to enter the two factor
+# authentication code again.
+#$twoFA{skip_verification_code_interval} = 3600 * 24 * 7;
+
+# By default all users with the role of "student" or higher are required to use
+# two factor authentication when signing in with a username and password. If
+# you want to disable two factor authentication for students, but require it for
+# instructors then set the permission level below to "login_proctor" (or
+# higher).
+
+#$permissionLevels{use_two_factor_auth} = "login_proctor";
+
 ################################################################################
 # Searching for set.def files to import
 ################################################################################

conf/webwork2.mojolicious.dist.yml

@@ -239,3 +239,10 @@ debug:
 hardcopy:
   # If 1, don't delete temporary files created when a hardcopy is generated.
   preserve_temp_files: 0
+
+# Set this to 1 to allow the html2xml and render_rpc endpoints to disable
+# cookies and thus skip two factor authentication. This should never be enabled
+# for a typical webwork server.  This should only be enabled if you want to
+# allow serving content via these endpoints to links in external websites with
+# usernames and passwords embedded in them such as for PreTeXt textbooks.
+allow_unsecured_rpc: 0

htdocs/js/UserList/userlist.js

@@ -118,15 +118,15 @@
 				e.stopPropagation();
 				show_errors(['export_file_err_msg'], [export_filename, export_select_target]);
 			}
-		} else if (action === 'delete') {
-			const delete_confirm = document.getElementById('delete_select');
+		} else if (action === 'delete' || action === 'reset_2fa') {
+			const action_confirm = document.getElementById(`${action}_select`);
 			if (!is_user_selected()) {
 				e.preventDefault();
 				e.stopPropagation();
-			} else if (delete_confirm.value != 'yes') {
+			} else if (action_confirm.value != 'yes') {
 				e.preventDefault();
 				e.stopPropagation();
-				show_errors(['delete_confirm_err_msg'], [delete_confirm]);
+				show_errors([`${action}_confirm_err_msg`], [action_confirm]);
 			}
 		}
 	});

lib/WeBWorK.pm

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ use WeBWorK::Debug;
 use WeBWorK::Upload;
 use WeBWorK::Utils qw(runtime_use);
 use WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::Login;
+use WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::TwoFactorAuthentication;
 use WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::LoginProctor;
 
 our %SeedCE;
@@ -90,12 +91,13 @@ async sub dispatch ($c) {
 	if ($c->current_route =~ /^(render_rpc|instructor_rpc|html2xml)$/) {
 		$c->{rpc} = 1;
 
-		$c->stash(disable_cookies => 1) if $c->current_route eq 'render_rpc' && $c->param('disableCookies');
+		$c->stash(disable_cookies => 1)
+			if $c->current_route eq 'render_rpc' && $c->param('disableCookies') && $c->config('allow_unsecured_rpc');
 
 		# This provides compatibility for legacy html2xml parameters.
 		# This should be deleted when the html2xml endpoint is removed.
 		if ($c->current_route eq 'html2xml') {
-			$c->stash(disable_cookies => 1);
+			$c->stash(disable_cookies => 1) if $c->config('allow_unsecured_rpc');
 			for ([ 'userID', 'user' ], [ 'course_password', 'passwd' ], [ 'session_key', 'key' ]) {
 				$c->param($_->[1], $c->param($_->[0])) if defined $c->param($_->[0]) && !defined $c->param($_->[1]);
 			}
@@ -268,9 +270,15 @@ async sub dispatch ($c) {
 			# If the user is logging out and authentication failed, still logout.
 			return 1 if $displayModule eq 'WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::Logout';
 
-			debug("Bad news: authentication failed!\n");
-			debug("Rendering WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::Login\n");
-			await WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::Login->new($c)->go();
+			if ($c->authen->session->{two_factor_verification_needed}) {
+				debug("Login succeeded but two factor authentication is needed.\n");
+				debug("Rendering WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::TwoFactorAuthentication\n");
+				await WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::TwoFactorAuthentication->new($c)->go();
+			} else {
+				debug("Bad news: authentication failed!\n");
+				debug("Rendering WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::Login\n");
+				await WeBWorK::ContentGenerator::Login->new($c)->go();
+			}
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}