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# Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns
# DIN EN 62264-2 Ontology-Design-Pattern

## Introduction

The development of software functionalities, or applications in general, that monitor and analyze manufacturing related data in order to improve, support or automate processes, is becoming increasingly important in industry. These applications require several information from different data sources in their context. An application that is planning a maintenance workers daily schedule for instance, requires several information about machine statuses, production plans and inventory, which resides in different systems likes Programmable Logical Controllers (PLC) or Structured Query Language (SQL) databases. Furthermore, manufacturing companies usually run machines and software systems from different vendors or of different ages. The schemata used in such systems do therefore not follow a certain standard, i.e. they are very heterogeneous in their semantics. When building such applications, accessing, searching and understanding the data sources is becoming a very time intensive, manual and error prone procedure that is repeated for every newly build application and for every newly introduced data source. To allow for an eased access, searching and understanding of these heterogeneous data sources, an ontology can be used to integrate all heterogeneous data sources in one schemata.

The development of software functionalities, or applications in general, that monitor and analyze manufacturing related data in order to improve, support or automate processes, is becoming increasingly important in industry. These applications require several information from different data sources in their context. An application that is planning a maintenance workers daily schedule for instance, requires several information about machine statuses, production plans and inventory, which resides in different systems likes Programmable Logical Controllers (PLC) or Structured Query Language (SQL) databases. Furthermore, manufacturing companies usually run machines and software systems from different vendors or of different ages. The schemata used in such systems do therefor not follow a certain standard, i.e. they are very heterogeneous in their semantics. When building such applications, accessing, searching and understanding the data sources is becoming a very time intensive, manual and error prone procedure that is repeated for every newly build application and for every newly introduced data source. To allow for an eased access, searching and understanding of these heterogeneous data sources, an ontology can be used to integrate all heterogeneous data sources in one schemata.

The ontologies within this repository are based on industrial standards (e.g. ISO, DIN EN, VDI/VDE etc.), hence, the ontologies use the vocabulary and technical concept of these standards, i.e. the ontologies formalize the knowledge contained in these standards.
This repository contains an ontology of DIN EN 62264-2. We maintain a whole list of standard-based ontologies, check out these links:

- [DIN EN 61360](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-DINEN61360)
- [VDI 2206](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-VDI2206)
- [VDI 2860](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-VDI2860)
- [VDI 3682](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-VDI3682)
- [DIN 8580](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-DIN8580)
- [ISA 88](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-ISA88)
- [WADL](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-WADL)
- [OPC UA](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-OPC-UA)
- [ISO 22400-2](https://github.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-ISO22400-2)

## Usage
If you want to use any of these ontology design patterns, the easiest way is to directly import them into your ontology via `owl:imports` statements. Make sure to reference a fixed release version so that you can't get surprised by future changes. To do so, click on the branch selection right below the number of commits and select a tag from the dropdown, e.g. v1.2.0. Then navigate to the .owl-file of the ODP you want to use, lets say VDI3682.owl. Open the raw file of this file. For this example it would be https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/VDI%203682/VDI3682.owl. You can use this URL in an `owl:imports` statement of your ontology. If you're having trouble using this URL in a tool like Protégé, try opening your ontology with a text editor and simply inserting your imports manually.
An example of an imports section with a couple of ODPs looks like this:
If you want to use any of these ontology design patterns, the easiest way is to directly import them into your ontology via `owl:imports` statements. Make sure to reference a fixed release version so that you can't get surprised by future changes. To do so, click on the branch selection right below the number of commits and select a tag from the dropdown, e.g. v1.4.2. Then navigate to the .owl-file of the ODP you want to use, lets say DINEN62264.owl. Open the raw file of this file. For this example it would be https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-DINEN62264-2/v1.4.2/DINEN62264.owl. You can use this URL in an `owl:imports` statement of your ontology. If you're having trouble using this URL in a tool like Protégé, try opening your ontology with a text editor and simply inserting your imports manually.
An example of an imports section looks like this:

```xml
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://www.hsu-ifa.de/ontologies/capability-model#">
<owl:versionIRI rdf:resource="http://www.hsu-ifa.de/ontologies/capability-model/1.0.0#"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/DIN%208580/DIN8580.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/DIN%20EN%2061360/DINEN61360.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/OPC%20UA/OpcUa.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/VDI%202206/VDI2206.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/VDI%202860/VDI2860.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/VDI%203682/VDI3682.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/Industrial-Standard-Ontology-Design-Patterns/v1.2.0/WADL/WADL.owl"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hsu-aut/IndustrialStandard-ODP-DINEN62264-2/v1.4.2/DINEN62264.owl"/>
</owl:Ontology>
```
Of course you can also clone or download this repository and import an ODP from a local copy. The advantage of the first approach is that tools like Protégé or TopBraid Composer will directly use the ontologies from the internet and you can simply increase the version number in case you want to use a newer version of our ODPs.
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