Important

This Open-Source Project Needs Your Support

This library is offered as a free, open-source resource, benefiting countless users without requiring anything in return. However, maintaining it takes significant time, effort, and resources—something that is often overlooked by those who use it freely.

There is a noticeable gap between usage and contributions, highlighting a challenging reality for open-source projects: heavy reliance on the work of developers and maintainers without adequate support in return. Open-source projects like this depend on the contributions of their users to remain sustainable.

Open-source is not free labor. If your company profits from this library but refuses to contribute back, you are not supporting the ecosystem—you are exploiting it.

This library has been sustained through countless hours of work and resources, provided in good faith to the community. If your business depends on it but doesn't give back, consider whether you truly deserve the benefits you're taking. Support the work, or step aside for those who value collaboration and fairness.

Don’t let open-source be taken for granted. Support the work that supports you.

Titanium JSON-LD 1.1 Processor & API

An implementation of the JSON-LD 1.1 (JSON-based Serialization for Linked Data) specification in Java, utilizing Jakarta JSON Processing.

Goals

• Full conformance to the specification
• Secure, stable, fast, high-quality code (covered by ~1800 tests)
• Minimal external dependencies
  • Only jakarta.json-api is required
• Easy to use

Status

Extensions

• LD-CLI: A native command line utility for Ubuntu, Mac, and Windows
• JSON-LD-star: Expansion and compaction built-in support (experimental)
• Universal RDF Dataset Normalization Algorithm - URDNA2015
• Iridium CBOR-LD: A CBOR-based Processor for Linked Data
• LEXREX: Semantic vocabularies visual builder and manager

Table of Contents

• Conformance
• Examples
• Installation
• Documentation
• Contributing
• Resources
• Commercial Support

Conformance

Feature	Tests	Pass	Status	Notes
Expansion	373	373	100%
Compaction	243	243	100%
Flattening	55	55	100%
JSON-LD to RDF	453	451	99.5%	te075 - @vocab as blank node identifier tli12 - List with bad @base
RDF to JSON-LD	51	51	100%
Framing	89	88	98.8%	t0059 - @embed: @last
Remote Document and Context Retrieval	18	17	94.4%	t0013 - HTML document

See EARL results from the JSON-LD 1.1 Test Suite for more details.

Examples

Titanium provides a high-level JsonLd API to interact with the processor.

Transformations

// Expansion
JsonLd.expand("https://w3c.github.io/json-ld-api/tests/expand/0001-in.jsonld")
      .ordered()
      .get();

JsonLd.expand("file:/home/filip/document.json")    // HTTP(S) and File schemes supported
      .context("file:/home/filip/context.jsonld")  // external context
      .get();

// Compaction
JsonLd.compact("https://example/expanded.jsonld", "https://example/context.jsonld")
      .compactToRelative(false)
      .get();

// Flattening
JsonLd.flatten("https://example/document.jsonld").get();

// JSON-LD to RDF
JsonLd.toRdf("https://example/document.jsonld").get();

// RDF to JSON-LD
JsonLd.fromRdf("https://example/document.nq").options(options).get();

// Framing
JsonLd.frame("https://example/document.jsonld", "https://example/frame.jsonld").get();

Local JSON Document

// Create a JSON document from InputStream or Reader
Document document = JsonDocument.of(InputStream) or JsonDocument.of(Reader) ...

// Expand the document
JsonLd.expand(document).get();

// Compact the document with a context document
JsonLd.compact(document, contextDocument).get();
...

Processing Timeout [Experimental]

The processor will be terminated after a specified duration. Please note that the duration does not include the time taken by DocumentLoader for processing. You must set up a separate read timeout for document loading.

// Available since 1.4.0
JsonLd.expand(...).timeout(duration)...get();

HTTP Document Loader Timeout

You can configure a custom HTTP document loader instance with a set read timeout.

// Available since 1.4.0 - Set read timeout for HTTP document loader
static DocumentLoader LOADER = HttpLoader.defaultInstance().timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30));
...
JsonLd.expand(...).loader(LOADER).get();

Document Caching

Configure an LRU-based cache for loading documents. The capacity argument specifies the size of the LRU cache.

// Available since 1.4.0 - Load documents with an LRU-based cache
JsonLd.toRdf("https://example/document.jsonld").loader(new LRUDocumentCache(loader, capacity)).get();

You can reuse an instance of LRUDocumentCache across multiple calls to benefit from cached documents.

// Available since 1.4.0 - Reuse LRU cache across multiple document loads
DocumentLoader cachedLoader = new LRUDocumentCache(loader, capacity);

JsonLd.toRdf("https://example/document.jsonld").loader(cachedLoader).get();
JsonLd.toRdf("https://example/another-document.jsonld").loader(cachedLoader).get();

Undefined Terms Processing Policy

Set a processing policy for undefined terms. The default policy is Ignore.

// Available since 1.4.1 - Define processing policy for undefined terms
JsonLd.expand(...).undefinedTermsPolicy(Fail|Warn|Ignore).get();

Installation

Titanium

Maven (Java 11+)

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.apicatalog</groupId>
    <artifactId>titanium-json-ld</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.0</version>
</dependency>

Gradle (Java 8+, Android API Level >= 24)

implementation("com.apicatalog:titanium-json-ld-jre8:1.5.0")

JSON-P Provider

Ensure that the JSON-P provider is added to the classpath if it is not already present.

Maven

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.json</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.1</version>
</dependency>

Gradle

implementation("org.glassfish:jakarta.json:2.0.1")

Documentation

Contributing

All PR's welcome!

• Develop
  • Implement a new feature
  • Fix an existing issue
  • Improve an existing implementation
• Test
  • Report a bug
  • Implement a new test case
• Document
  • Write Javadoc comments
  • Write a tutorial or guide
  • Proofread existing documentation for clarity and accuracy
• Promote
  • Star, share, the project
  • Write an article or blog post about the project
• Sponsor
  • Sponsorship gives your requests top priority

Building

Fork and clone the project repository.

Java 11

> cd titanium-json-ld
> mvn clean package

Java 8

> cd titanium-json-ld
> mvn -f pom_jre8.xml clean package

Resources

• JSON-LD 1.1
• JSON-LD 1.1 Processing Algorithms and API
• JSON-LD 1.1 Framing
• JSON-LD Best Practices
• JSON-LD-star
• JSON-LD Playground

Commercial Support

Commercial support is available at [email protected]