WSL-Desktop-Env

❓ Purpose

此文件為WSL桌面環境設置教學，使用環境為WSL Ubuntu-22-04。

💡 內涵一些細微優化，有改變電腦底層行為之風險，請自行承擔風險。

🐾 Step

WSL gnome安裝

1. 使用win + r，輸入cmd打開終端機。

2. 輸入wsl --install安裝WSL

3. 等待安裝完成後輸入sudo apt update && sudo apt -y upgrade

4. 輸入sudo vi /etc/wsl.conf確認以下內容

   [boot]
   systemd=true
   

5. 輸入sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target設定開機啟動模式，可以在首次啟動新的WSL時減少加載延遲。

6. 禁用acpid，避免WSL在安裝gnome時出現錯誤

   sudo apt install acpid -y
   sudo systemctl disable --now acpid.service acpid.socket acpid.path
   

7. 輸入sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop-minimal -y此為輕量化gnome安裝，如果想要安裝完整搭載所有app的話可以改成sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop -y

8. nano ~/gnome.sh 貼上以下內容

   #!/bin/bash
   export XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=ubuntu:GNOME
   export XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP=ubuntu
   export DESKTOP_SESSION=ubuntu
   export GNOME_SHELL_SESSION_MODE=ubuntu
   
   export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=/etc/xdg/xdg-ubuntu:/etc/xdg
   export XDG_DATA_DIRS=/usr/share/ubuntu:/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop
   export XDG_MENU_PREFIX=gnome-
   
   export XDG_SESSION_TYPE=x11
   export XDG_SESSION_CLASS=user
   export GDK_BACKEND=x11
   
   export LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1
   
   export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/$(id -u)
   
   export DISPLAY=$(cat /etc/resolv.conf | grep nameserver | awk '{print $2; exit;}'):0.0
   
   gnome-session --session=ubuntu
   

9. chmod +x ~/gnome.sh

10. 下載X-server https://sourceforge.net/projects/vcxsrv/

11. 在桌面執行git clone https://github.com/fatbrother/WSL-Desktop-Env.git

12. 在桌面新增捷徑並指向ubuntu.bat，可以將圖案設定成favicon.ico

13. 連點桌面連結打開Ubuntu

14. 輸入sudo snap remove ubuntu-desktop-installer移除安裝器

15. 輸入gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-mounts false隱藏掛載磁碟

16. 如要關閉WSL，回到cmd輸入ctrl + c

---

ZSH安裝

1. 安裝ZSH sudo apt install zsh -y

2. 新增zsh設定檔 touch ~/.zshrc && touch ~/.zprofile

3. 設定ZSH為預設shell sudo usermod -s /bin/zsh $USER

4. 安裝zinit bash -c "$(curl --fail --show-error --silent --location https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zdharma-continuum/zinit/HEAD/scripts/install.sh)"

5. 在gnome裡使用瀏覽器下載以下字體 MesloLGS NF Regular.ttf 下載後使用檔案管理器打開，點選安裝

6. 輸入nano ~/.zshrc，貼上以下內容

   # zsh 套件四天王
   zinit light zsh-users/zsh-completions
   zinit light zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions
   zinit light zsh-users/zsh-history-substring-search
   zinit light zdharma-continuum/fast-syntax-highlighting
   
   # Oh My Zsh 功能
   zinit snippet OMZ::lib/completion.zsh
   zinit snippet OMZ::lib/history.zsh
   zinit snippet OMZ::lib/key-bindings.zsh
   zinit snippet OMZ::lib/theme-and-appearance.zsh
   
   # key binding
   bindkey '^[[A' history-substring-search-up
   bindkey '^[[B' history-substring-search-down
   bindkey '^I' autosuggest-accept
   
   # 其他
   zinit load djui/alias-tips
   
   # powerlevel10k
   zinit ice depth=1
   zinit light romkatv/powerlevel10k
   

7. 重開terminal

🔗 Reference

wsl
https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-tw/windows/wsl/install#install-wsl-command
https://gist.github.com/Ta180m/e1471413f62e3ed94e72001d42e77e22
https://x410.dev/cookbook/wsl/enable-systemd-in-wsl2-and-have-the-best-ubuntu-gui-desktop-experience/

zsh
https://blog.kyomind.tw/ubuntu-zsh-zinit/
https://blog.kyomind.tw/powerlevel10k/