GH-5314: add validation check for construct query template

[linnaung]

GitHub issue resolved: #5314

Briefly describe the changes proposed in this PR:

add validation check for construct query template

---

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• my pull request is self-contained
• I've added tests for the changes I made
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• every commit message starts with the issue number (GH-xxxx) followed by a meaningful description of the change

[hmottestad]

Can you revert the copyright headers?

[linnaung]

done.

[hmottestad]

Do you have an example query that recurses several levels deep?

[linnaung]

yes, it's provided as an invalid test case.

@Test
public void testInvalidConstructQueryWithZeroOrMorePathInPredicate() {
String invalidSparqlQuery = "PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> " +
		"CONSTRUCT {\n" +
		"  ?s  foaf:knows* ?o . " +
		"}\n" +
		"WHERE {\n" +
		"  ?s  foaf:knows* ?o  .\n" +
		"} ";
assertThrows(MalformedQueryException.class, () -> {
	parser.parseQuery(invalidSparqlQuery, null);
});
}

@Test
public void testInvalidConstructQueryWithZeroOrMorePathInPredicates() {
String invalidSparqlQuery = "PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> " +
		"CONSTRUCT {\n" +
		"  ?s  foaf:knows ?o . " +
		"  ?s  foaf:name+ ?o . " +
		"}\n" +
		"WHERE {\n" +
		"  ?s  foaf:knows* ?o  .\n" +
		"  ?s foaf:name ?o .\n" +
		"} ";
assertThrows(MalformedQueryException.class, () -> {
	parser.parseQuery(invalidSparqlQuery, null);
});
}

[aschwarte10]

@hmottestad is this a piece of code where you are familiar with to do a review?

A bit of background on why we propose the change: as many others we are currently integrating capabilities of LLMs. And the LLM sometimes produces property path expressions in the CONSTRUCT block. We now ideally want to detect such syntactical errors using static validation and with RDF4J library support