Add part 2 of the tutorial: CLI Contact Manager

build.sbt

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ lazy val examples = project
   .dependsOn(core.jvm)
   .settings(
     name                 := "shellfish-examples",
-    Compile / run / fork := true
+    Compile / run / fork := true,
+    run / connectInput   := true
   )
 
 import Site.SiteConfig

docs/tutorial/directory.conf

@@ -3,4 +3,5 @@ laika.navigationOrder = [
   path.md
   reading_writing.md
   file_handling.md
+  creating_cli.md
 ]

examples/src/main/scala/io/chrisdavenport/shellfish/contacts/app/App.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Typelevel
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+ * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+ * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+ * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+ * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.app
+
+import cats.syntax.applicative.*
+import cats.effect.{ExitCode, IO, IOApp}
+import fs2.io.file.Path
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.cli.{Cli, Prompt}
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.core.ContactManager
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.domain.argument.*
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.syntax.path.*
+
+object App extends IOApp {
+
+  private val createBookPath: IO[Path] = for {
+    home <- userHome
+    dir  = home / ".shellfish"
+    path = dir / "contacts.data"
+    exists <- path.exists
+    _      <- dir.createDirectories.unlessA(exists)
+    _      <- path.createFile.unlessA(exists)
+  } yield path
+
+  def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] = createBookPath
+    .map(ContactManager(_))
+    .flatMap { implicit cm =>
+      Prompt.parsePrompt(args) match {
+        case Help                    => Cli.helpCommand
+        case AddContact              => Cli.addCommand
+        case RemoveContact(username) => Cli.removeCommand(username)
+        case SearchId(username)      => Cli.searchUsernameCommand(username)
+        case SearchName(name)        => Cli.searchNameCommand(name)
+        case SearchEmail(email)      => Cli.searchEmailCommand(email)
+        case SearchNumber(number)    => Cli.searchNumberCommand(number)
+        case ViewAll                 => Cli.viewAllCommand
+        case UpdateContact(username, flags) =>
+          Cli.updateCommand(username, flags)
+      }
+    }
+    .as(ExitCode.Success)
+}

examples/src/main/scala/io/chrisdavenport/shellfish/contacts/cli/Cli.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Typelevel
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+ * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+ * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+ * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+ * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.cli
+
+import cats.effect.IO
+import cats.syntax.all.*
+
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.core.ContactManager
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.domain.flag.*
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.domain.contact.*
+
+object Cli {
+
+  def addCommand(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] =
+    for {
+      username    <- IO.println("Enter the username: ") >> IO.readLine
+      firstName   <- IO.println("Enter the first name: ") >> IO.readLine
+      lastName    <- IO.println("Enter the last name: ") >> IO.readLine
+      phoneNumber <- IO.println("Enter the phone number: ") >> IO.readLine
+      email       <- IO.println("Enter the email: ") >> IO.readLine
+
+      contact = Contact(username, firstName, lastName, phoneNumber, email)
+
+      _ <- cm
+        .addContact(contact)
+        .flatMap(username => IO.println(s"Contact $username added"))
+        .handleErrorWith {
+          case ContactFound(username) =>
+            IO.println(s"Contact $username already exists")
+          case e =>
+            IO.println(s"An error occurred: \n${e.printStackTrace()}")
+        }
+    } yield ()
+
+  def removeCommand(username: Username)(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] =
+    cm.removeContact(username) >> IO.println(s"Contact $username removed")
+
+  def searchUsernameCommand(
+      username: Username
+  )(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] =
+    cm.searchUsername(username).flatMap {
+      case Some(c) => IO.println(c.show)
+      case None    => IO.println(s"Contact $username not found")
+    }
+
+  def searchNameCommand(name: Name)(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] =
+    for {
+      contacts <- cm.searchName(name)
+      _        <- contacts.traverse_(c => IO.println(c.show))
+    } yield ()
+
+  def searchEmailCommand(email: Email)(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] =
+    for {
+      contacts <- cm.searchEmail(email)
+      _        <- contacts.traverse_(c => IO.println(c.show))
+    } yield ()
+
+  def searchNumberCommand(
+      number: PhoneNumber
+  )(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] =
+    for {
+      contacts <- cm.searchNumber(number)
+      _        <- contacts.traverse_(c => IO.println(c.show))
+    } yield ()
+
+  def viewAllCommand(implicit cm: ContactManager): IO[Unit] = for {
+    contacts <- cm.getAll
+    _        <- contacts.traverse_(c => IO.println(c.show))
+  } yield ()
+
+  def updateCommand(username: Username, options: List[Flag])(implicit
+      cm: ContactManager
+  ): IO[Unit] = cm
+    .updateContact(username) { prev =>
+      options.foldLeft(prev) { (acc, flag) =>
+        flag match {
+          case FirstNameFlag(name)     => acc.copy(firstName = name)
+          case LastNameFlag(name)      => acc.copy(lastName = name)
+          case PhoneNumberFlag(number) => acc.copy(phoneNumber = number)
+          case EmailFlag(email)        => acc.copy(email = email)
+          case UnknownFlag(_)          => acc
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    .flatMap(c => IO.println(s"Updated contact ${c.username}"))
+    .handleErrorWith {
+      case ContactNotFound(username) =>
+        IO.println(s"Contact $username not found")
+      case e =>
+        IO.println(s"An error occurred: \n${e.printStackTrace()}")
+    }
+
+  def helpCommand: IO[Unit] = IO.println(
+    s"""
+        |Usage: contacts [command]
+        |
+        |Commands:
+        |  add
+        |  remove <username>
+        |  search id <username>
+        |  search name <name>
+        |  search email <email>
+        |  search number <number>
+        |  list
+        |  update <username> [flags]
+        |  help
+        |
+        |Flags (for update command):
+        |  --first-name <name>
+        |  --last-name <name>
+        |  --phone-number <number>
+        |  --email <email>
+        |
+        |""".stripMargin
+  )
+}

examples/src/main/scala/io/chrisdavenport/shellfish/contacts/cli/Prompt.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Typelevel
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+ * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+ * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+ * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+ * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.cli
+
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.domain.argument.*
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.domain.flag.*
+
+import scala.annotation.tailrec
+
+object Prompt {
+  def parsePrompt(args: List[String]): CliCommand = args match {
+    case "add" :: Nil                          => AddContact
+    case "remove" :: username :: Nil           => RemoveContact(username)
+    case "search" :: "id" :: username :: Nil   => SearchId(username)
+    case "search" :: "name" :: name :: Nil     => SearchName(name)
+    case "search" :: "email" :: email :: Nil   => SearchEmail(email)
+    case "search" :: "number" :: number :: Nil => SearchNumber(number)
+    case "list" :: _                           => ViewAll
+    case "update" :: username :: options =>
+      UpdateContact(username, parseUpdateFlags(options))
+    case Nil           => Help
+    case "--help" :: _ => Help
+    case "help" :: _   => Help
+    case _             => Help
+  }
+
+  private def parseUpdateFlags(options: List[String]): List[Flag] = {
+
+    @tailrec
+    def tailParse(remaining: List[String], acc: List[Flag]): List[Flag] =
+      remaining match {
+        case Nil => acc
+        case "--first-name" :: firstName :: tail =>
+          tailParse(tail, FirstNameFlag(firstName) :: acc)
+        case "--last-name" :: lastName :: tail =>
+          tailParse(tail, LastNameFlag(lastName) :: acc)
+        case "--phone-number" :: phoneNumber :: tail =>
+          tailParse(tail, PhoneNumberFlag(phoneNumber) :: acc)
+        case "--email" :: email :: tail =>
+          tailParse(tail, EmailFlag(email) :: acc)
+        case flag :: _ => List(UnknownFlag(flag))
+      }
+
+    tailParse(options, Nil)
+  }
+}

examples/src/main/scala/io/chrisdavenport/shellfish/contacts/core/ContactManager.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Typelevel
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+ * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+ * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+ * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+ * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.core
+
+import cats.syntax.all.*
+import cats.effect.IO
+import fs2.io.file.Path
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.syntax.path.*
+import io.chrisdavenport.shellfish.contacts.domain.contact.*
+
+trait ContactManager {
+  def addContact(contact: Contact): IO[Username]
+  def removeContact(username: Username): IO[Unit]
+  def searchUsername(username: Username): IO[Option[Contact]]
+  def searchName(name: Name): IO[List[Contact]]
+  def searchEmail(email: Email): IO[List[Contact]]
+  def searchNumber(number: PhoneNumber): IO[List[Contact]]
+  def getAll: IO[List[Contact]]
+  def updateContact(username: String)(modify: Contact => Contact): IO[Contact]
+}
+
+object ContactManager {
+  def apply(bookPath: Path): ContactManager = new ContactManager {
+
+    private def parseContact(contact: String): IO[Contact] =
+      contact.split('|') match {
+        case Array(id, firstName, lastName, phoneNumber, email) =>
+          Contact(id, firstName, lastName, phoneNumber, email).pure[IO]
+        case _ =>
+          new Exception(s"Invalid contact format: $contact")
+            .raiseError[IO, Contact]
+      }
+
+    private def encodeContact(contact: Contact): String =
+      s"${contact.username}|${contact.firstName}|${contact.lastName}|${contact.phoneNumber}|${contact.email}"
+
+    private def saveContacts(contacts: List[Contact]): IO[Unit] =
+      bookPath.writeLines(contacts.map(encodeContact))
+
+    override def addContact(contact: Contact): IO[Username] = for {
+      contacts <- getAll
+      _ <- IO(contacts.contains(contact)).ifM(
+        ContactFound(contact.username).raiseError[IO, Unit],
+        saveContacts(contact :: contacts)
+      )
+    } yield contact.username
+
+    override def removeContact(username: Username): IO[Unit] =
+      for {
+        contacts <- getAll
+        filteredContacts = contacts.filterNot(_.username === username)
+        _ <- saveContacts(filteredContacts)
+      } yield ()
+
+    override def searchUsername(username: Username): IO[Option[Contact]] =
+      getAll.map(contacts => contacts.find(_.username === username))
+
+    override def searchName(name: Name): IO[List[Contact]] =
+      getAll.map(contacts =>
+        contacts.filter(c => c.firstName === name || c.lastName === name)
+      )
+
+    override def searchEmail(email: Email): IO[List[Contact]] =
+      getAll.map(contacts => contacts.filter(_.email === email))
+
+    override def searchNumber(number: PhoneNumber): IO[List[Contact]] =
+      getAll.map(contacts => contacts.filter(_.phoneNumber === number))
+
+    override def getAll: IO[List[Contact]] = for {
+      lines    <- bookPath.readLines
+      contacts <- lines.traverse(parseContact)
+    } yield contacts
+
+    override def updateContact(
+        username: Username
+    )(modify: Contact => Contact): IO[Contact] = for {
+      contacts <- getAll
+      oldContact <- contacts.find(_.username === username) match {
+        case None          => ContactNotFound(username).raiseError[IO, Contact]
+        case Some(contact) => contact.pure[IO]
+      }
+      updatedContact  = modify(oldContact)
+      updatedContacts = updatedContact :: contacts.filterNot(_ == oldContact)
+      _ <- saveContacts(updatedContacts)
+    } yield updatedContact
+  }
+}