This is a script to generate consistent, easy to read Dockerfiles from a simple yaml description.
The resulting images are small with minimal layers. This tool adds more functionality to normal Dockerfile specifications while remaining simple and concise.
Generated Dockerfiles are all based on Phusion's Base Image and utilize many of the features their base image provides. In addition, apt-cacher-ng is automatically used when downloading packages, so rebuilding images is more bandwidth efficient.
To generate a Dockerfile, simply run the following command from any directory containing Dockerfile.yml:
dockerfile.rb
Optionally you can put the name of a target .yml file on the command line:
dockerfile.rb Dockerfile.someOtherFile.yml
The generated Dockerfile will be output to stdout. To save it as a Dockerfile:
dockerfile.rb > Dockerfile
Below is a description of all the supported tags in Dockerfile.yml.
Each tag is optional.
# Format
Maintainer: name
# Example
Maintainer: Joe Ruether
Sets the image maintainer at the top of the file. Defaults to me if not specified!
# Format
User: username
# Example
User: joe
Creates a user, sets permissions to UID 1000 (which typically matches the host in a single-user case), and runs daemons as that user. Defaults to root if not specified.
# Format
Env:
- key: value
# Example
Env:
- DISPLAY: ":100"
Sets an environment variable global to the container.
# Format
Expose:
- port_number
# Example:
Expose:
- 9999
Exposes a port to linked containers, and optionally the host (depending on run flags)
# Format
Volumes:
- /path/
# Example
Volumes:
- /mnt
The specified folder is made a volume that can be exposed to the host. The volume is specified at the end of the Dockerfile such that the contents of the specified directory are copied to the volume.
# Format
Add:
- something.tar # Unpacks tar file to /
- Foo.txt : /home/user # Adds Foo.txt to /home/user
- http://www.foo.com/Foo.txt : /home/user/bar.txt # Downloads Foo.txt and stores it as Bar.txt
Adds a file to the image. Default location is /, files or directories can be specified as destinations. Source can be local or remote, and tar files are automatically unpacked to the destination. Useful for adding source code.
Files are added to image before the RUN section.
# Format
Configure:
- something.tar # Unpacks tar file to /
- Foo.txt : /home/user # Adds Foo.txt to /home/user
- http://www.foo.com/Foo.txt : /home/user/bar.txt # Downloads Foo.txt and stores it as Bar.txt
Exactly the same as Add, except that files are added after the run section (overwriting existing files). Useful for adding configuration files.
# Format
Embed:
- something.tar # Unpacks tar file to /
- Foo.txt : /home/user # Adds Foo.txt to /home/user
- http://www.foo.com/Foo.txt : /home/user/bar.txt # Downloads Foo.txt and stores it as Bar.txt
Same as Add and Configure, however the file is encoded in base64 and embedded inside the Dockerfile. This is useful for small scripts or configuration files when you want to have everything needed in one Dockerfile.
# Format
Repositories:
- Name: name_of_repository
Url: url_of_repository OR url_of_ppa
Key: url_of_key OR gpg_fingerprint # Optional
# Example
Repositories:
- Name: xpra
Url : deb http://winswitch.org/ trusty main
Key : http://winswitch.org/gpg.asc
- Name: tor
Url: deb http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org trusty main
Key: A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89
Add a repository. Url is the same format as found in sources.list, or a PPA can be specified (ppa:webupd8team/tor-browser). Key is optional and can be completely omitted (including "Key:". If specified, key should be a either a gpg key file, or a fingerprint. Local files can be specified if they are inside the same folder as the Dockerfile.
# Format
Install:
- some_package
- some_deb_file.deb
# Example
Install:
- xpra
- bitcoinxt_0.11B-1_amd64.deb
List any packages that should be installed. Alternatively, .deb packages can be listed as long as they are found in the same folder as the Dockerfile.
# Format:
Run: command(s)
# Example 1
Run: echo "Hello World"
# Example 2
Run: |
# Multiple commands (and comments) supported
echo "Hello"
echo "World"
Generates a single RUN command from the command text. Treat it as if it were a script; comments are supported, etc. Note the pipe character and indentation when using multiple lines.
# Format:
Startup: command(s)
# Example 1
Startup: echo "Hello World"
# Example 2
Startup: |
# Multiple commands (and comments) supported
echo "Hello"
echo "World"
Adds the commands to the /etc/rc.local file where they will run on startup. Treat the command text as if it were a bash script. Note the pipe character and indentation when using multiple lines.
# Format
Daemon:
- Name: name_of_daemon
Command: command_to_run
# Example
- Name: xpra
Command: xpra start $DISPLAY --bind-tcp=0.0.0.0:9999 --daemon=no
Runs any number of daemons automatically, restarting them if they exit. For this to work, the command must NOT immediately exit (ie: it must block).
# Format
Cron:
- Name: name_of_cron
Command: command_to_run
# Example
Cron:
- Name: Date
Command: date
Runs any number of cron jobs hourly, logging output to the system logger.
See Dockerfile.yml and it's generated Dockerfile in this repository for a description of an image that sets up GUI support, which could be used as a base for other images.
- Maintainer keyword
- Ability to download local repository keys
- Embedded tar files should be unpacked to remain consistent with add / configure
- Embedding of remote files
- Ability to disable apt-cacher-ng support
Currently, the yaml file requires capitalized keys. I chose this because it is the most human readable (in my opinion). However, using all uppercase keys is more consistent with the standard dockerfile format, and having all lowercase keys is more "machine-like". The latter is especially if someone autogenerates Dockerfile.yml, or uses the json format (remember that the yaml parser can read json format).
Will automatically add all the commands needed to connect a GUI
Will automatically add specified ssh keys and set up the ssh daemon
Ability to change the "from" image, as long as the "from" image is derived from phusion/baseimage-docker