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south-california-chaparral.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>South California Chaparral</title>
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</head>
<body class="c11">
<p class="c7 c25 title" id="h.gle4muhjej3m">
<span class="c10 c23">South California Chaparral</span>
</p>
<h1 class="c7 c18" id="h.6jfur4kzw82p">
<span class="c19 c10">What it is</span>
</h1>
<h1 class="c3 c7" id="h.hr1rmkyn4jom">
<span class="c12 c10"
>The chaparral of Southern California is a terrestrial ecoregion
situated on the Western coast of North America in Southern California.
It is a hot and wet-winter, dry-summer climate region. Light in
the Chaparral biome is constant and bright. The temperature range is
between 30 and 100 F, the average temperature during the cold season is
64 F. Vegetation is composed of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs, bushes,
small trees usually less than 2.5 m (about 8 feet) tall, grasses,
chamise, and manzanita. It is home to many animals. It receives about
10-17 inches of precipitation a year and most of it comes in the winter.
There is a long period of dryness in the summer. This makes the
chaparral most vulnerable to fire in the late summer and fall. It has
thin and nutrient-poor soils. The soil of the biome is typically dry and
dusty, with little nutrients. Generally, chaparral is thought to occur
in thin, porous, and rocky soils that are relatively low in nitrogen,
potassium, and phosphorous. A total of 1,177 species are found on
Southern California Chaparral.</span
>
</h1>
<h1 class="c3 c7" id="h.shfv5b1j58rx">
<span class="c10 c19">Biotic and Abiotic Factors</span>
</h1>
<h1 class="c3 c7" id="h.v9ipqeltn8rh">
<span class="c10 c12"
>There are a lot of biotic and abiotic factors in this ecosystem and
some of them include:</span
>
</h1>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_xgrf0caqv27k-0 start">
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Abiotic</span></li>
</ul>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_xgrf0caqv27k-1 start">
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Rocks</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Sand</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4">Small Streams and Rivers</span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Sun Light</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4">hot and dry summers with cool and moist winters</span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4">thin and nutrient-poor soils </span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">periodic fires</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4">various mountain ranges and/or hills</span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">water</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">drought conditions</span></li>
</ul>
<p class="c5 c22"><span class="c4"></span></p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_xgrf0caqv27k-0">
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Biotic</span></li>
</ul>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_xgrf0caqv27k-1 start">
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Shrubs</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c10 c13 c21">chamise and manzanita</span
><span class="c4">.</span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Sonoma Chipmunk</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Scrub-Jays</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Acorn Woodpeckers</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">California Condor</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Common Sagebrush</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4">California Blue Oak</span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4">Red Diamond Rattlesnake</span>
</li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Spotted Skunk</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Roadrunners</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Whiptail Lizards</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Pumas</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0"><span class="c4">Coyote</span></li>
<li class="c6 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c4"
>Poison oak, Yucca Wiple, toyon, chamise, trees, and cacti.
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<h1 class="c3 c7" id="h.f9w9fkqwrmki">
<span class="c9"
>Together, biotic and abiotic factors make up an ecosystem. To survive,
biotic factors need abiotic factors. Passing the food materials and
energy are some of the major interactions between these factors. These
special relationship between the biotic and abiotic factors should
create a balance in the biome. The sun and the amount of rain are some
of the most important abiotic factors in the Southern California
Chaparral. The more sun and the limited amount of rain affect the biome
by creating conditions that are triggering fires more and more often.
Let's look at the fires, they can be natural as a result of
lightning striking in the area. However, there are times when they are
started by people being careless. Occasionally those fires may be set
intentionally too. While it can be hard to get the fires under control,
studies show they really are an essential part of controlling the
balance of living things in this particular biome. Many of the plants
found in the chaparral biome have leaves that are made from highly
flammable materials. That is why the fires are able to spread so quickly
rather than just from the dry conditions. Also, these plants have the
ability to withstand fires. They have heavy bark and deep roots so it
isn’t long after the fire that they are able to thrive again. Even
plants with seeds have become highly adaptive to chaparral biome fires.
Some of these plants only will spout after the dormant seeds have been
touched by fire. This is a great example of how the living elements of a
biome are able to fit very well with what they have to work with.
Because of the fires animals have adapted to this sparse and rough
terrain. Animals generally have to be nocturnal in order to avoid the
intense heat in the day. Abiotic factors affect the ability of organisms
to survive and reproduce. Abiotic limiting factors restrict the growth
of populations. They help determine the types and numbers of organisms
able to exist within an environment. Biotic factors are living things
that directly or indirectly affect organisms within an environment. This
includes the organisms themselves, other organisms, interactions between
living organisms, and even their waste. Other biotic factors include
parasitism, disease, and predation (the act of one animal eating
another).</span
>
</h1>
<p class="c5 c7"><span class="c9"></span></p>
<p class="c5 c7"><span class="c9"></span></p>
<p class="c5 c7"><span class="c9"></span></p>
<p class="c5 c7"><span class="c9"></span></p>
<h1 class="c3 c7" id="h.8dfl0mwxaa6y">
<span class="c19 c10">Ecosystem Services </span>
</h1>
<h1 class="c3 c7" id="h.shbu7yxy9cx0">
<span class="c10 c27"
>Ecosystem services are outputs, conditions, or processes of natural
systems that directly or indirectly benefit humans or enhance social
welfare.</span
>
</h1>
<p class="c5 c7"><span class="c9"></span></p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_eduec9cxyllu-0 start">
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c20 c10"
>Chaparral provides physical ecosystem services that aid in flood
hazard reduction, sediment retention, and the supply of water as well
as</span
>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="c14">
<span class="c20 c10"
>protecting habitat for endangered species and soil quality.</span
>
</p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_eduec9cxyllu-0">
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c20 c10">Chaparral ecosystems provide many services,</span>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="c14">
<span class="c20 c10"
> such as the stabilization of steep slopes,
</span>
</p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_ykreuan2l9q3-0 start">
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c20 c10">Filtration of drinking water</span>
</li>
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c20 c10">Myriad recreational opportunities</span>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_7bg6ruh90kux-0 start">
<li class="c1 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c20 c10"
> They also beautify the landscape for many millions
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="c26">
<span class="c20 c10"
> of California
inhabitants and visitors</span
>
</p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c10 c20"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<p class="c5"><span class="c20 c10"></span></p>
<h1 class="c3" id="h.wtbqbtagoz15">
<span class="c17 c10">This project</span>
</h1>
<p class="c24 c7">
<span class="c9"
>In this project, I will be addressing the habitat loss issue. Many
problems destroy habitats for species to live in. Some of these problems
are:</span
>
</p>
<p class="c8 c7"><span class="c0"></span></p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_4g9gqewwdd7w-0 start">
<li class="c15 c7 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c0"
>Wildfires have been burning many habitats for animals, burning down
bid areas covered with grasses, trees, and bushes. When the fires are
extensive and often repeated animals are left with no shelter and
food, and water supplies.</span
>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="c2"><span class="c0"></span></p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_4g9gqewwdd7w-0">
<li class="c15 c7 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c0"
>Another factor is human development, urbanizing areas that are either
too close to the South California Chaparral, either is overlapping
some of it. This leads to leaving animals without shelter or food
supplies as well. Stealing these areas from their inhabitants is a big
limiting factor. Between 1970 and 1990, the size of the Los Angeles
metropolitan area increased by over 1,000 square kilometers, metro San
Diego expanded by almost 800 square kilometers.</span
>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="c2"><span class="c0"></span></p>
<ul class="c16 lst-kix_4g9gqewwdd7w-0">
<li class="c7 c15 li-bullet-0">
<span class="c0"
>Air pollution and water pollution can affect the health of all biotic
factors both animals and plants. Contaminating water sources could
minimize the population of different species or even kill inhabitants
in certain areas. It can also lead to soil contamination for longer
periods of time.</span
>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="c2"><span class="c0"></span></p>