Understanding a Linux based OS: Offtopic - Teamwork using `git`

git is a version controlling system (VCS), which helps many users to work on a single project simultaneously.

Hosting Platforms

Contains the code for a single project
May contain one or more branches
- master branch is the default
- You can create many branches are required
The repository can be downloaded to the local system for collaborating (or using) by using clone
```
    git clone <url>
```
Existing files can be added to the repository using add
```
    git add <files>
```
Changes in the source code (in one or more files) is saved as commit, and each commit has a description associated with it
```
    git commit -m <message> <files>
```
Others' changes can be downloaded using pull
```
    git pull
```
- If there are conflicts and any automatic strategy is unable to resolve it, we have to resolve it manually
Our changes can be uploaded using push
```
    git push
```

One can directly push their commits to master until the project reaches some stable state
After that, the changes may break the existing code. Therefore, it is safe to create a new branch using checkout
```
    git checkout -b <new branch name>
```
Branches can be switched between using checkout
```
    git checkout <branch name>
```
On new branch, further commits can be done
Once the new branch reaches a stable state, we can merge it with master
Creating a Pull Request for that branch to master at GitHub makes this task easy. Once Pull Request is accepted, the code at the branch will be at the master. It is still required to resolve conflicts manually.

Other people can fork our repositories and continue commiting there if they don't have write access to the repository. If they want their commits appearing on the main repository, they can create Pull Request as of above
Maintainers (like your project teammates) can have write access to the repository. In that case, they can directly commit to any branch of the repository
Since others may have commited to the repository before we do, it is a best practice to do git pull before git push

This is just an introduction to git and GitHub. For a detailed guide, refer some resources!