[infer] Richer value representation for custom resources

[iwahbe]

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Issue details

Many infer functions operate on strongly typed values, but there is currently no way for these values to encode that a location is secret. We should enhance the surface area of types to allow for this richer information.

Related: #155

Affected area/feature

[iwahbe]

If we wanted to be really fancy (and a bit magical), we could implement pointer based lookup functions for input structs:

func IsSecret[T any](p.Context, *T) bool
func IsComputed[T any](p.Context, *T) bool

Working similarly to infer.Annotor, these functions would be used to index into a precomputed metadata table on the input type by value location. This would require that inputs are passed by reference to preserve location, and would return false for any moved value.