diff --git a/pkg/cargo/validate.go b/pkg/cargo/validate.go
index c4a630c2..c3f036e0 100644
--- a/pkg/cargo/validate.go
+++ b/pkg/cargo/validate.go
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ func Validate(spec Kilnfile, lock KilnfileLock) []error {
 
 	for index, componentSpec := range spec.Releases {
 		if componentSpec.Name == "" {
-			result = append(result, fmt.Errorf("spec at index %d missing name", index))
+			result = append(result, fmt.Errorf("release at index %d missing name in spec", index))
 			continue
 		}
 
 		componentLock, err := lock.FindBOSHReleaseWithName(componentSpec.Name)
 		if err != nil {
 			result = append(result,
-				fmt.Errorf("component spec for release %q not found in lock", componentSpec.Name))
+				fmt.Errorf("release %q not found in lock", componentSpec.Name))
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -28,6 +28,20 @@ func Validate(spec Kilnfile, lock KilnfileLock) []error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	for index, componentLock := range lock.Releases {
+		if componentLock.Name == "" {
+			result = append(result, fmt.Errorf("release at index %d missing name in lock", index))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		_, err := spec.BOSHReleaseTarballSpecification(componentLock.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			result = append(result,
+				fmt.Errorf("release %q not found in spec", componentLock.Name))
+			continue
+		}
+	}
+
 	result = append(result, ensureRemoteSourceExistsForEachReleaseLock(spec, lock)...)
 
 	if len(result) > 0 {
diff --git a/pkg/cargo/validate_test.go b/pkg/cargo/validate_test.go
index b8b0ca7f..bb352136 100644
--- a/pkg/cargo/validate_test.go
+++ b/pkg/cargo/validate_test.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const (
 	someReleaseSourceID = "some-release-source-id"
 )
 
-func TestValidate_MissingName(t *testing.T) {
+func TestValidate_MissingNameInSpec(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	please := NewWithT(t)
 	results := Validate(Kilnfile{
@@ -18,14 +18,36 @@ func TestValidate_MissingName(t *testing.T) {
 			{ID: someReleaseSourceID},
 		},
 		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballSpecification{
-			{},
+			{Name: ""},
+			{Name: "banana"},
 		},
 	}, KilnfileLock{
 		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballLock{
+			{Name: "apple", Version: "1.2.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
 			{Name: "banana", Version: "1.2.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
 		},
 	})
-	please.Expect(results).To(HaveLen(1))
+	please.Expect(results).To(HaveLen(2))
+}
+
+func TestValidate_MissingNameInLock(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	please := NewWithT(t)
+	results := Validate(Kilnfile{
+		ReleaseSources: []ReleaseSourceConfig{
+			{ID: someReleaseSourceID},
+		},
+		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballSpecification{
+			{Name: "apple"},
+			{Name: "banana"},
+		},
+	}, KilnfileLock{
+		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballLock{
+			{Name: "", Version: "1.2.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
+			{Name: "banana", Version: "1.2.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
+		},
+	})
+	please.Expect(results).To(HaveLen(2))
 }
 
 func TestValidate_FloatingRelease(t *testing.T) {
@@ -46,14 +68,41 @@ func TestValidate_FloatingRelease(t *testing.T) {
 	please.Expect(results).To(HaveLen(0))
 }
 
+func TestValidate_MissingSpec(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	please := NewWithT(t)
+	results := Validate(Kilnfile{
+		ReleaseSources: []ReleaseSourceConfig{
+			{ID: someReleaseSourceID},
+		},
+		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballSpecification{
+			{Name: "banana"},
+		},
+	}, KilnfileLock{
+		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballLock{
+			{Name: "apple", Version: "1.2.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
+			{Name: "banana", Version: "1.2.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
+		},
+	})
+	please.Expect(results).To(HaveLen(1))
+}
+
 func TestValidate_MissingLock(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	please := NewWithT(t)
 	results := Validate(Kilnfile{
+		ReleaseSources: []ReleaseSourceConfig{
+			{ID: someReleaseSourceID},
+		},
 		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballSpecification{
 			{Name: "banana", Version: "1.1.*"},
+			{Name: "apple", Version: "1.1.*"},
 		},
-	}, KilnfileLock{})
+	}, KilnfileLock{
+		Releases: []BOSHReleaseTarballLock{
+			{Name: "banana", Version: "1.1.3", RemoteSource: someReleaseSourceID},
+		},
+	})
 	please.Expect(results).To(HaveLen(1))
 }