diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 8ce2d695eb3bd..d70f78cbf2473 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -245,9 +245,9 @@ enterprise-server:
 .PHONY: server_check
 server_check:
 ifeq ($(TARGET), "")
-	$(GOBUILD) -cover $(RACE_FLAG) -ldflags '$(CHECK_LDFLAGS)' -o bin/tidb-server ./cmd/tidb-server
+	$(GOBUILD) -cover $(RACE_FLAG) -ldflags '$(CHECK_LDFLAGS)' --tags deadlock,enableassert -o bin/tidb-server ./cmd/tidb-server
 else
-	$(GOBUILD) -cover $(RACE_FLAG) -ldflags '$(CHECK_LDFLAGS)' -o '$(TARGET)' ./cmd/tidb-server
+	$(GOBUILD) -cover $(RACE_FLAG) -ldflags '$(CHECK_LDFLAGS)' --tags deadlock,enableassert -o '$(TARGET)' ./cmd/tidb-server
 endif
 
 .PHONY: linux
diff --git a/pkg/executor/infoschema_reader.go b/pkg/executor/infoschema_reader.go
index 835fdc31d141d..73dc7d93603b9 100644
--- a/pkg/executor/infoschema_reader.go
+++ b/pkg/executor/infoschema_reader.go
@@ -313,7 +313,8 @@ func (e *memtableRetriever) setDataForVariablesInfo(ctx sessionctx.Context) erro
 
 func (e *memtableRetriever) setDataForUserAttributes(ctx context.Context, sctx sessionctx.Context) error {
 	exec := sctx.GetRestrictedSQLExecutor()
-	chunkRows, _, err := exec.ExecRestrictedSQL(ctx, nil, `SELECT user, host, JSON_UNQUOTE(JSON_EXTRACT(user_attributes, '$.metadata')) FROM mysql.user`)
+	wrappedCtx := kv.WithInternalSourceType(ctx, kv.InternalTxnOthers)
+	chunkRows, _, err := exec.ExecRestrictedSQL(wrappedCtx, nil, `SELECT user, host, JSON_UNQUOTE(JSON_EXTRACT(user_attributes, '$.metadata')) FROM mysql.user`)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/expression/expropt/sessionvars.go b/pkg/expression/expropt/sessionvars.go
index 779f122a71166..8c0528baf9d06 100644
--- a/pkg/expression/expropt/sessionvars.go
+++ b/pkg/expression/expropt/sessionvars.go
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (SessionVarsPropReader) GetSessionVars(ctx exprctx.EvalContext) (*variable.
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		exprctx.AssertLocationWithSessionVars(ctx.Location(), p.vars.GetSessionVars())
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/expression/scalar_function.go b/pkg/expression/scalar_function.go
index fb032fe849c9c..f5ae914448347 100644
--- a/pkg/expression/scalar_function.go
+++ b/pkg/expression/scalar_function.go
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ type ScalarFunction struct {
 // VecEvalInt evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalInt(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalInt(ctx, input, result)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalInt(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result
 // VecEvalReal evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalReal(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalReal(ctx, input, result)
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalReal(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, resul
 // VecEvalString evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalString(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalString(ctx, input, result)
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalString(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, res
 // VecEvalDecimal evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalDecimal(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalDecimal(ctx, input, result)
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalDecimal(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, re
 // VecEvalTime evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalTime(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalTime(ctx, input, result)
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalTime(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, resul
 // VecEvalDuration evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalDuration(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalDuration(ctx, input, result)
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalDuration(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, r
 // VecEvalJSON evaluates this expression in a vectorized manner.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) VecEvalJSON(ctx EvalContext, input *chunk.Chunk, result *chunk.Column) error {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.vecEvalJSON(ctx, input, result)
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) Eval(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (d types.Datum, e
 // EvalInt implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalInt(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (int64, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalInt(ctx, row)
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalInt(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (int64, bool,
 // EvalReal implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalReal(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (float64, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalReal(ctx, row)
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalReal(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (float64, boo
 // EvalDecimal implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalDecimal(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (*types.MyDecimal, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalDecimal(ctx, row)
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalDecimal(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (*types.My
 // EvalString implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalString(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (string, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalString(ctx, row)
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalString(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (string, bo
 // EvalTime implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalTime(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (types.Time, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalTime(ctx, row)
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalTime(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (types.Time,
 // EvalDuration implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalDuration(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (types.Duration, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalDuration(ctx, row)
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalDuration(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (types.Du
 // EvalJSON implements Expression interface.
 func (sf *ScalarFunction) EvalJSON(ctx EvalContext, row chunk.Row) (types.BinaryJSON, bool, error) {
 	intest.Assert(ctx != nil)
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		ctx = wrapEvalAssert(ctx, sf.Function)
 	}
 	return sf.Function.evalJSON(ctx, row)
diff --git a/pkg/expression/sessionexpr/sessionctx.go b/pkg/expression/sessionexpr/sessionctx.go
index 1dae8c5a6a7a6..abba39ae2444a 100644
--- a/pkg/expression/sessionexpr/sessionctx.go
+++ b/pkg/expression/sessionexpr/sessionctx.go
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ func (ctx *EvalContext) SQLMode() mysql.SQLMode {
 // TypeCtx returns the types.Context
 func (ctx *EvalContext) TypeCtx() (tc types.Context) {
 	tc = ctx.sctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.TypeCtx()
-	if intest.InTest {
+	if intest.EnableAssert {
 		exprctx.AssertLocationWithSessionVars(tc.Location(), ctx.sctx.GetSessionVars())
 	}
 	return
diff --git a/pkg/kv/txn.go b/pkg/kv/txn.go
index 5e0d3399f9d1e..fb3346fbce230 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/txn.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/txn.go
@@ -212,10 +212,8 @@ func setRequestSourceForInnerTxn(ctx context.Context, txn Transaction) {
 	}
 	// panic in test mode in case there are requests without source in the future.
 	// log warnings in production mode.
-	if intest.InTest {
-		panic("unexpected no source type context, if you see this error, " +
-			"the `RequestSourceTypeKey` is missing in your context")
-	}
+	intest.Assert(true, "unexpected no source type context, if you see this error, "+
+		"the `RequestSourceTypeKey` is missing in your context")
 	logutil.Logger(ctx).Warn("unexpected no source type context, if you see this warning, " +
 		"the `RequestSourceTypeKey` is missing in the context")
 }
diff --git a/pkg/planner/core/operator/logicalop/logical_join.go b/pkg/planner/core/operator/logicalop/logical_join.go
index b5b4e1461fafb..33e1407ec7e7c 100644
--- a/pkg/planner/core/operator/logicalop/logical_join.go
+++ b/pkg/planner/core/operator/logicalop/logical_join.go
@@ -1123,10 +1123,25 @@ func (p *LogicalJoin) ExtractUsedCols(parentUsedCols []*expression.Column) (left
 	}
 	lChild := p.Children()[0]
 	rChild := p.Children()[1]
+	lSchema := lChild.Schema()
+	rSchema := rChild.Schema()
+	// parentused col = t2.a
+	// leftChild schema = t1.a(t2.a) + and others
+	// rightChild schema = t3 related + and others
+	if join, ok := lChild.(*LogicalJoin); ok {
+		if join.FullSchema != nil {
+			lSchema = join.FullSchema
+		}
+	}
+	if join, ok := rChild.(*LogicalJoin); ok {
+		if join.FullSchema != nil {
+			rSchema = join.FullSchema
+		}
+	}
 	for _, col := range parentUsedCols {
-		if lChild.Schema().Contains(col) {
+		if lSchema != nil && lSchema.Contains(col) {
 			leftCols = append(leftCols, col)
-		} else if rChild.Schema().Contains(col) {
+		} else if rSchema != nil && rSchema.Contains(col) {
 			rightCols = append(rightCols, col)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/table/tables/partition.go b/pkg/table/tables/partition.go
index d4aa1c206f724..5da631be92d20 100644
--- a/pkg/table/tables/partition.go
+++ b/pkg/table/tables/partition.go
@@ -804,6 +804,9 @@ func extractPartitionExprColumns(ctx expression.BuildContext, expr string, partC
 	var cols []*expression.Column
 	var partExpr expression.Expression
 	if len(partCols) == 0 {
+		if expr == "" {
+			return nil, nil, nil, errors.New("expression should not be an empty string")
+		}
 		schema := expression.NewSchema(columns...)
 		expr, err := expression.ParseSimpleExpr(ctx, expr, expression.WithInputSchemaAndNames(schema, names, nil))
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/testkit/testkit.go b/pkg/testkit/testkit.go
index 332ca40a2e7ed..eac57bf400518 100644
--- a/pkg/testkit/testkit.go
+++ b/pkg/testkit/testkit.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func NewTestKit(t testing.TB, store kv.Storage) *TestKit {
 	if _, ok := t.(*testing.B); !ok {
 		// Don't check `intest.InTest` for benchmark. We should allow to run benchmarks without `intest` tag, because some assert may have significant performance
 		// impact.
-		require.True(t, intest.InTest, "you should add --tags=intest when to test, see https://pingcap.github.io/tidb-dev-guide/get-started/setup-an-ide.html for help")
+		require.True(t, intest.InTest && intest.EnableAssert, "you should add --tags=intest when to test, see https://pingcap.github.io/tidb-dev-guide/get-started/setup-an-ide.html for help")
 	}
 	testenv.SetGOMAXPROCSForTest()
 	tk := &TestKit{
diff --git a/pkg/util/intest/BUILD.bazel b/pkg/util/intest/BUILD.bazel
index d34d4b1cbdbad..c50f71ee6e645 100644
--- a/pkg/util/intest/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/pkg/util/intest/BUILD.bazel
@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ go_library(
     name = "intest",
     srcs = [
         "assert.go",  #keep
-        "common.go",
-        "intest.go",  #keep
+        "in_unittest.go",  #keep
+        "no_assert.go",
+        "not_in_unittest.go",
     ],
     importpath = "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/intest",
     visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
diff --git a/pkg/util/intest/assert.go b/pkg/util/intest/assert.go
index 1d96c38ff1999..3b4e604a58ba4 100644
--- a/pkg/util/intest/assert.go
+++ b/pkg/util/intest/assert.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-//go:build intest
+//go:build intest || enableassert
 
 package intest
 
@@ -21,23 +21,26 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 )
 
+// EnableAssert checks if the assert function should work.
+const EnableAssert = true
+
 // Assert asserts a condition is true
 func Assert(cond bool, msgAndArgs ...any) {
-	if InTest && !cond {
+	if EnableAssert && !cond {
 		doPanic("", msgAndArgs...)
 	}
 }
 
 // AssertNoError asserts an error is nil
 func AssertNoError(err error, msgAndArgs ...any) {
-	if InTest && err != nil {
+	if EnableAssert && err != nil {
 		doPanic(fmt.Sprintf("error is not nil: %+v", err), msgAndArgs...)
 	}
 }
 
 // AssertNotNil asserts an object is not nil
 func AssertNotNil(obj any, msgAndArgs ...any) {
-	if InTest {
+	if EnableAssert {
 		Assert(obj != nil, msgAndArgs...)
 		value := reflect.ValueOf(obj)
 		switch value.Kind() {
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ func AssertNotNil(obj any, msgAndArgs ...any) {
 
 // AssertFunc asserts a function condition
 func AssertFunc(fn func() bool, msgAndArgs ...any) {
-	if InTest {
+	if EnableAssert {
 		Assert(fn != nil, msgAndArgs...)
 		Assert(fn(), msgAndArgs...)
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/util/intest/intest.go b/pkg/util/intest/in_unittest.go
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/util/intest/intest.go
rename to pkg/util/intest/in_unittest.go
diff --git a/pkg/util/intest/common.go b/pkg/util/intest/no_assert.go
similarity index 90%
rename from pkg/util/intest/common.go
rename to pkg/util/intest/no_assert.go
index a2ebccd4b3507..7d1d268a6ca30 100644
--- a/pkg/util/intest/common.go
+++ b/pkg/util/intest/no_assert.go
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-//go:build !intest
+//go:build !intest && !enableassert
 
 package intest
 
-// InTest checks if the code is running in test.
-const InTest = false
+// EnableAssert checks if the code is running in integration test.
+const EnableAssert = false
 
 // Assert is a stub function in release build.
 // See the same function in `util/intest/assert.go` for the real implement in test.
diff --git a/pkg/util/intest/not_in_unittest.go b/pkg/util/intest/not_in_unittest.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..0955803b56ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/util/intest/not_in_unittest.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright 2024 PingCAP, Inc.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//go:build !intest
+
+package intest
+
+// InTest checks if the code is running in test.
+const InTest = false
diff --git a/tests/integrationtest/r/planner/core/indexmerge_path.result b/tests/integrationtest/r/planner/core/indexmerge_path.result
index 73aa80d810bfe..b36d507346341 100644
--- a/tests/integrationtest/r/planner/core/indexmerge_path.result
+++ b/tests/integrationtest/r/planner/core/indexmerge_path.result
@@ -673,6 +673,7 @@ insert into t value(1,1,1, '{"b":[1,2,3,4]}');
 insert into t value(2,2,2, '{"b":[3,4,5,6]}');
 set tidb_analyze_version=2;
 analyze table t all columns;
+set @@tidb_stats_load_sync_wait=1000;
 explain select * from t use index (iad) where a = 1;
 id	estRows	task	access object	operator info
 TableReader_7	1.00	root		data:Selection_6
diff --git a/tests/integrationtest/t/planner/core/indexmerge_path.test b/tests/integrationtest/t/planner/core/indexmerge_path.test
index 06bf1256d07dd..47f9fac32b9e6 100644
--- a/tests/integrationtest/t/planner/core/indexmerge_path.test
+++ b/tests/integrationtest/t/planner/core/indexmerge_path.test
@@ -230,6 +230,8 @@ insert into t value(1,1,1, '{"b":[1,2,3,4]}');
 insert into t value(2,2,2, '{"b":[3,4,5,6]}');
 set tidb_analyze_version=2;
 analyze table t all columns;
+# The below explain is flaky, try to increase the timeout of sync load first.
+set @@tidb_stats_load_sync_wait=1000;
 explain select * from t use index (iad) where a = 1;
 explain select * from t use index (iad) where a = 1 and (2 member of (d->'$.b'));