Refactoring of the Bittensor codebase (Consider as a Epic)

[RomanCh-OT]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

The current Bittensor package lacks consistent coding standards across its various modules, which сan led to maintainability issues. This task card is for refactoring the Bittensor codebase to enhance readability, consistency, and adherence to modern Python practices.

Describe the solution you'd like

I am doing a sequential (module-based) refactoring of the Bittensor codebase. This includes ensuring compliance with Cortex standards, introducing type annotations for all functions and methods, and reorganizing the code structure to improve modularity and separation of responsibilities. This refactoring will also require updating all code documentation to reflect the changes and enhance clarity.

Special attention should be given to dividing the refactoring into:

1. Refactoring according to RFC 003: Bittensor Coding Standards
2. Structural and architectural changes, which will also require separate PRs.

Acceptance Criteria

• Development of the Scope of Work (SOW) document

• SOW is developed, listing the Bittensor package modules in order from the least used to the most complex.
• The document should include a detailed plan that accommodates both current and planned changes, ensuring alignment with ongoing projects and future enhancements.

• SOW Approval

• The 'Scope of Work' document must be reviewed and approved by the development team and management to ensure that all stakeholders agree on the approach and priorities.
• Feedback from the team and management should be incorporated to refine the refactoring plan.

Implementation Plan Update and Execution

• As the SOW is updated/approved, this checkbox will be updated and replaced with real tasks describing each stage.
• bittensor.btlogging sub-package
• bittensor.subtensor.py
• bittensor.chain_data.py
• The entire Bittensor codebase complies with the Cortex standard, with applied refactoring of the code structure and architecture.

[RomanCh-OT]

Added #1896 to list