fcgi.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2021, 2022, 2023 Omar Polo <op@omarpolo.com>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include "gmid.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "log.h"

struct fcgi_header {
	unsigned char version;
	unsigned char type;
	unsigned char req_id1;
	unsigned char req_id0;
	unsigned char content_len1;
	unsigned char content_len0;
	unsigned char padding;
	unsigned char reserved;
};

/*
 * number of bytes in a FCGI_HEADER.  Future version of the protocol
 * will not reduce this number.
 */
#define FCGI_HEADER_LEN	8

/*
 * values for the version component
 */
#define FCGI_VERSION_1	1

/*
 * values for the type component
 */
#define FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST	 1
#define FCGI_ABORT_REQUEST	 2
#define FCGI_END_REQUEST	 3
#define FCGI_PARAMS		 4
#define FCGI_STDIN		 5
#define FCGI_STDOUT		 6
#define FCGI_STDERR		 7
#define FCGI_DATA		 8
#define FCGI_GET_VALUES		 9
#define FCGI_GET_VALUES_RESULT	10
#define FCGI_UNKNOWN_TYPE	11
#define FCGI_MAXTYPE		(FCGI_UNKNOWN_TYPE)

struct fcgi_begin_req {
	unsigned char role1;
	unsigned char role0;
	unsigned char flags;
	unsigned char reserved[5];
};

struct fcgi_begin_req_record {
	struct fcgi_header	header;
	struct fcgi_begin_req	body;
};

/*
 * mask for flags;
 */
#define FCGI_KEEP_CONN		1

/*
 * values for the role
 */
#define FCGI_RESPONDER	1
#define FCGI_AUTHORIZER	2
#define FCGI_FILTER	3

struct fcgi_end_req_body {
	unsigned char app_status3;
	unsigned char app_status2;
	unsigned char app_status1;
	unsigned char app_status0;
	unsigned char proto_status;
	unsigned char reserved[3];
};

/*
 * values for proto_status
 */
#define FCGI_REQUEST_COMPLETE	0
#define FCGI_CANT_MPX_CONN	1
#define FCGI_OVERLOADED		2
#define FCGI_UNKNOWN_ROLE	3

/*
 * Variable names for FCGI_GET_VALUES / FCGI_GET_VALUES_RESULT
 * records.
 */
#define FCGI_MAX_CONNS	"FCGI_MAX_CONNS"
#define FCGI_MAX_REQS	"FCGI_MAX_REQS"
#define FCGI_MPXS_CONNS	"FCGI_MPXS_CONNS"

static int
prepare_header(struct fcgi_header *h, int type, size_t size,
    size_t padding)
{
	int id = 1;

	memset(h, 0, sizeof(*h));

	h->version = FCGI_VERSION_1;
	h->type = type;
	h->req_id1 = (id >> 8);
	h->req_id0 = (id & 0xFF);
	h->content_len1 = (size >> 8);
	h->content_len0 = (size & 0xFF);
	h->padding = padding;

	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_begin_request(struct bufferevent *bev)
{
	struct fcgi_begin_req_record r;

	memset(&r, 0, sizeof(r));
	prepare_header(&r.header, FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST, sizeof(r.body), 0);
	assert(sizeof(r.body) == FCGI_HEADER_LEN);

	r.body.role1 = 0;
	r.body.role0 = FCGI_RESPONDER;
	r.body.flags = FCGI_KEEP_CONN;

	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &r, sizeof(r)) == -1)
		return -1;
	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_send_param(struct bufferevent *bev, const char *name,
    const char *value)
{
	struct fcgi_header	h;
	uint32_t		namlen, vallen, padlen;
	uint8_t			s[8];
	size_t			size;
	const char		padding[8] = { 0 };

	namlen = strlen(name);
	vallen = strlen(value);
	size = namlen + vallen + 8; /* 4 for the sizes */
	padlen = (8 - (size & 0x7)) & 0x7;

	s[0] = ( namlen >> 24)         | 0x80;
	s[1] = ((namlen >> 16) & 0xFF);
	s[2] = ((namlen >>  8) & 0xFF);
	s[3] = ( namlen        & 0xFF);

	s[4] = ( vallen >> 24)         | 0x80;
	s[5] = ((vallen >> 16) & 0xFF);
	s[6] = ((vallen >>  8) & 0xFF);
	s[7] = ( vallen        & 0xFF);

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_PARAMS, size, padlen);

	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h))   == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, s, sizeof(s))    == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, name, namlen)    == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, value, vallen)   == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, padding, padlen) == -1)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_end_param(struct bufferevent *bev)
{
	struct fcgi_header h;

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_PARAMS, 0, 0);
	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h)) == -1)
		return -1;

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_STDIN, 0, 0);
	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h)) == -1)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

static inline int
recid(struct fcgi_header *h)
{
	return h->req_id0 + (h->req_id1 << 8);
}

static inline int
reclen(struct fcgi_header *h)
{
	return h->content_len0 + (h->content_len1 << 8);
}

static void
fcgi_handle_stdout(struct client *c, struct evbuffer *src, size_t len)
{
	struct bufferevent	*bev = c->cgibev;
	char			*t;
	size_t			 l;
	int			 code;

	if (c->code == 0) {
		l = len;
		if (l > sizeof(c->sbuf) - c->soff)
			l = sizeof(c->sbuf) - c->soff;

		memcpy(&c->sbuf[c->soff], EVBUFFER_DATA(src), l);
		c->soff += l;
		evbuffer_drain(src, l);
		len -= l;

		if ((t = memmem(c->sbuf, c->soff, "\r\n", 2)) == NULL) {
			if (c->soff == sizeof(c->sbuf)) {
				log_warnx("FastCGI application is trying to"
				    " send a header that's too long.");
				fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, c);
			}

			/* wait a bit */
			return;
		}
		*t = '\0';
		t += 2; /* skip CRLF */

		if (!isdigit((unsigned char)c->sbuf[0]) ||
		    !isdigit((unsigned char)c->sbuf[1]) ||
		    c->sbuf[2] != ' ') {
			fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, c);
			return;
		}

		code = (c->sbuf[0] - '0') * 10 + (c->sbuf[1] - '0');
		if (code < 10 || code >= 70) {
			log_warnx("FastCGI application is trying to send an"
			    " invalid reply code: %d", code);
			fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, c);
			return;
		}

		if (start_reply(c, code, c->sbuf + 3) == -1 ||
		    c->code < 20 || c->code > 29) {
			fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_EOF, c);
			return;
		}

		bufferevent_write(c->bev, t, &c->sbuf[c->soff] - t);
	}

	bufferevent_write(c->bev, EVBUFFER_DATA(src), len);
	evbuffer_drain(src, len);
}

void
fcgi_read(struct bufferevent *bev, void *d)
{
	struct client		*c = d;
	struct evbuffer		*src = EVBUFFER_INPUT(bev);
	struct fcgi_header	 hdr;
	struct fcgi_end_req_body end;
	size_t			 len;

	while (c->type != REQUEST_DONE) {
		if (EVBUFFER_LENGTH(src) < sizeof(hdr))
			return;

		memcpy(&hdr, EVBUFFER_DATA(src), sizeof(hdr));

		if (recid(&hdr) != 1) {
			log_warnx("got invalid client id %d from fcgi backend",
			    recid(&hdr));
			goto err;
		}

		len = reclen(&hdr);

		if (EVBUFFER_LENGTH(src) < sizeof(hdr) + len + hdr.padding)
			return;

		evbuffer_drain(src, sizeof(hdr));

		switch (hdr.type) {
		case FCGI_END_REQUEST:
			if (len != sizeof(end)) {
				log_warnx("got invalid end request"
				    " record size");
				goto err;
			}
			bufferevent_read(bev, &end, sizeof(end));

			/* TODO: do something with the status? */
			c->type = REQUEST_DONE;
			break;

		case FCGI_STDERR:
			/* discard stderr (for now) */
			evbuffer_drain(src, len);
			break;

		case FCGI_STDOUT:
			fcgi_handle_stdout(c, src, len);
			break;

		default:
			log_warnx("got invalid fcgi record (type=%d)",
			    hdr.type);
			goto err;
		}

		evbuffer_drain(src, hdr.padding);
	}

err:
	fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, c);
	client_write(c->bev, c);
}

void
fcgi_write(struct bufferevent *bev, void *d)
{
	/*
	 * There's no much use for the write callback.
	 */
	return;
}

void
fcgi_error(struct bufferevent *bev, short err, void *d)
{
	struct client	*c = d;

	/*
	 * If we're here it means that some kind of non-recoverable
	 * error happened.
	 *
	 * Don't free bev as we might be called by a function that
	 * still uses it.
	 */

	bufferevent_disable(bev, EVBUFFER_READ);

	close(c->pfd);
	c->pfd = -1;

	/* EOF and no header */
	if (c->code == 0) {
		start_reply(c, CGI_ERROR, "CGI error");
		return;
	}

	c->type = REQUEST_DONE;
}

static void
path_translate(const char *path, struct location *loc, struct location *rloc,
    char *buf, size_t len)
{
	const char *root, *sufx;

	buf[0] = '\0';

	if (*loc->dir != '\0')
		root = loc->dir;
	else if (*rloc->dir != '\0')
		root = rloc->dir;
	else
		return;

	sufx = "";
	if (*root != '\0')
		sufx = root[strlen(root) - 1] == '/' ? "" : "/";

	while (*path == '/')
		path++;

	snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s%s", root, sufx, path);
}

void
fcgi_req(struct client *c, struct location *loc)
{
	char		 buf[22], path[GEMINI_URL_LEN], path_tr[PATH_MAX];
	char		*scriptname, *qs;
	const char	*stripped, *port;
	size_t		 l;
	time_t		 tim;
	struct tm	 tminfo;
	struct envlist	*p;

	fcgi_begin_request(c->cgibev);

	stripped = strip_path(c->iri.path, loc->fcgi_strip);
	if (*stripped != '/')
		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/%s", stripped);
	else
		strlcpy(path, stripped, sizeof(path));

	port = c->iri.host;
	if (port == NULL || *port == '\0')
		port = "1965";

	scriptname = "";
	TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &loc->params, envs) {
		if (!strcmp(p->name, "SCRIPT_NAME")) {
			scriptname = p->value;
			break;
		}
	}

	l = strlen(scriptname);
	while (l > 0 && scriptname[l - 1] == '/')
		l--;
	if (!strncmp(scriptname, path, l) && (path[l] == '/' ||
	    path[l] == '\0')) {
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "PATH_INFO", &path[l]);
		path_translate(&path[l], loc, TAILQ_FIRST(&c->host->locations),
		    path_tr, sizeof(path_tr));
		path[l] = '\0';
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "SCRIPT_NAME", path);
	} else {
		path_translate(stripped, loc, TAILQ_FIRST(&c->host->locations),
		    path_tr, sizeof(path_tr));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "PATH_INFO", stripped);
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "SCRIPT_NAME", scriptname);
	}

	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "GATEWAY_INTERFACE", "CGI/1.1");
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "PATH_TRANSLATED", path_tr);
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "QUERY_STRING", c->iri.query);
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "REMOTE_ADDR", c->rhost);
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "REMOTE_HOST", c->rhost);
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "REQUEST_METHOD", "GET");
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "SERVER_NAME", c->iri.host);
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "SERVER_PORT", port);
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "SERVER_PROTOCOL", "GEMINI");
	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "SERVER_SOFTWARE", GMID_VERSION);

	fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "GEMINI_URL_PATH", c->iri.path);

	if (*c->iri.query != '\0' &&
	    strchr(c->iri.query, '=') == NULL &&
	    (qs = strdup(c->iri.query)) != NULL) {
		pct_decode_str(qs);
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "GEMINI_SEARCH_STRING", qs);
		free(qs);
	}

	TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &loc->params, envs) {
		if (!strcmp(p->name, "SCRIPT_NAME"))
			continue;
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, p->name, p->value);
	}

	if (tls_peer_cert_provided(c->ctx)) {
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "AUTH_TYPE", "CERTIFICATE");
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "REMOTE_USER",
		    tls_peer_cert_subject(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_CLIENT_ISSUER",
		    tls_peer_cert_issuer(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_CLIENT_HASH",
		    tls_peer_cert_hash(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_VERSION",
		    tls_conn_version(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_CIPHER",
		    tls_conn_cipher(c->ctx));

		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d",
		    tls_conn_cipher_strength(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_CIPHER_STRENGTH", buf);

		tim = tls_peer_cert_notbefore(c->ctx);
		strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%FT%TZ",
		    gmtime_r(&tim, &tminfo));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_CLIENT_NOT_BEFORE", buf);

		tim = tls_peer_cert_notafter(c->ctx);
		strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%FT%TZ",
		    gmtime_r(&tim, &tminfo));
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "TLS_CLIENT_NOT_AFTER", buf);

	} else
		fcgi_send_param(c->cgibev, "AUTH_TYPE", "");

	if (fcgi_end_param(c->cgibev) == -1)
		fcgi_error(c->cgibev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, c);
}