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Raw

raw2iso - Convert raw optical disk images to .iso files

Compiling

The tool is contained in a single .c file, and should compile and run in any reasonable environment that comes with a C99 compiler and standard library. If it does not, please file an issue.

Windows binaries can be found in the releases section.

Compiler command line example

cc -o raw2iso raw2iso.c

Depending on your compiler version, additional switches such as -std=c99 may be required.

Compile directly from GitHub - no git clone or tarball required

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/not-a-user/raw2iso/master/raw2iso.c | cc -x c -o raw2iso -

Usage

raw2iso <track-mode> [<sub-channel-mode>] < INPUT.BIN > OUTPUT.ISO
  • <track-mode>: MODE1_RAW | MODE1 | MODE2_RAW | MODE2_FORM1 | MODE2_FORM2 | MODE2_FORM_MIX
  • <sub-channel-mode>: RW | RW_RAW

Note: Error correction/detection data is not checked (try edccchk) and errors are not corrected. (It is unlikely that an image contains this type of errors, because CIRC detects/corrects errors when reading from the disk - even in raw mode.)

How to determine the image type (track mode and sub-channel mode)

Common extensions for raw image files are .raw, .bin, .img, .ima, and others.

If you have an accompanying .toc file

The track mode and sub-channel mode can be found in the .toc file. See cdrdao(1) -> TOC FILES -> Track Specification -> TRACK.

Note: MODE1 and MODE2_FORM1 images without sub-channel data need no conversion. These images are .iso files.

If you have an accompanying .cue file

  • MODE1/2048: No conversion is necessary. The image is an .iso file.
  • MODE1/2352: Use MODE1_RAW.
  • MODE2/2336: Use MODE2_FORM_MIX.
  • MODE2/2352: Use MODE2_RAW.

By looking at the file size

Check if the file size is a multiple of one or more of the following sector sizes:

  • 2048 bytes: The image might be an .iso file.
  • 2324 bytes: Try MODE2_FORM2.
  • 2336 bytes: Try MODE2_FORM_MIX.
  • 2352 bytes: Try MODE1_RAW or MODE2_RAW.

If sub-channel data is present, the sector size is increased by 96 bytes:

  • 2144 bytes: Try MODE1 RW.
  • 2420 bytes: Try MODE2_FORM2 RW.
  • 2432 bytes: Try MODE2_FORM_MIX RW.
  • 2448 bytes: Try MODE1_RAW RW or MODE2_RAW RW.

Example - Create an .iso using cdrdao

Motivation

The standard method

dd if=/dev/cdrom of=image.iso bs=2048

can fail for various reasons.

Step by step

Get cdrdao. (Windows users can get pre-compiled binaries here.)

Then make a raw image of the disk:

cdrdao read-cd --read-raw --datafile image.bin image.toc

Look for the first TRACK line in the image.toc file to find out which track mode to use. Then run raw2iso with the correct mode. The following line automates these steps:

sh -c "raw2iso $(grep '^TRACK ' image.toc | head -1 | cut -d ' ' -f 2-) < image.bin > image.iso"