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<h1 class="post-title">Pandas 01 - Veri Çerçevesi Oluştur</h1>
<span class="post-date">Cts 09 Temmuz 2022</span>
<h1>VeriÇerçevesi (DataFrame) Oluştur</h1>
<p>Bu bölümde sıfırdan <strong>Veri Çerçevesi</strong> (<strong>Data Frame</strong>) oluşturmayı ya da harici kaynaktan <strong>(MS Excel, LibreOfis Calc, CSV, JSON, URL ve Pano'dan)</strong> verileri okuyarak veri çerçevesine dönüştürmeyi öğreneceğiz.</p>
<h2>import Fonksiyonu</h2>
<p>Öncelikle <strong>Pandas</strong> Kütüphanesini projemize dahil edip (içe aktarıp), kodlama esnasında hızlı olması adına bu kütüphaneye <strong>pd</strong> adını atayalım;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pandas</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">pd</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2>DataFrame() Fonksiyonu</h2>
<p>Veri Çerçevesi (Data Frame) Oluşturmak ya da Dönüştürmek için <strong>DataFrame()</strong> fonksiyonunu kullanıyoruz. "Veri Çerçevesi"ne dönüştürmek istediğimiz veriyi, parantez içine, parametre olarak yazmalıyız.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">veri</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Yukarıdaki kullanımda <strong>veri</strong> parametresi (iterable veri ya da sözlük yapısı) aşağıdakilerden herhangi biri olabilir.</p>
<ul>
<li>Sözlüklerden (Dictionary’lerden), serilerden veya listelerden oluşan bir sözlük (dictionary)</li>
<li>2 boyutlu numpy dizisi</li>
<li>Başka bir DataFrame</li>
</ul>
<p>örneğin bir <strong>sözlük (dict)</strong> veri yapısı oluşturup bu yapıyı <strong>Veri Çerçevesi</strong>ne (<strong>Data Frame</strong>'e) dönüştürelim;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">sozluk</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"isim"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Mustafa"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Halil"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Burak"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Emre"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Ersin"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Sertaç"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Furkan"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"Murat"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"Ahmet"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"Abdülkadir"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"yaş"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">25</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">38</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">41</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">37</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">52</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">38</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"iş-meslek"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"mühendis"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"programcı"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"akademisyen"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"yönetici"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"amir"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"mühendis"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"yönetici"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"müdür"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"veteriner"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"yönetici"</span><span class="p">]}</span>
<span class="n">veri</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sozluk</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Oluşturduğumuz Veri Çerçevesinin içeriğini görelim;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">veri</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>isim</th>
<th>yaş</th>
<th>iş-meslek</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Mustafa</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>mühendis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Halil</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>programcı</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>Burak</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>akademisyen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Emre</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>yönetici</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Ersin</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>amir</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Sertaç</td>
<td>52</td>
<td>mühendis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Furkan</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>yönetici</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>Murat</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>müdür</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>Ahmet</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>veteriner</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>Abdülkadir</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>yönetici</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Gördüğünüz gibi verimiz, <strong>DataFrame()</strong> fonksiyonu ile,
SQL ya da Excel tablosuna benzer şekilde satır ve sütunlardan oluşan
yapıya dönüştürüldü. Artık bu yapıyı yönetmek ve analiz etmek oldukça
kolaylaşmış oldu.</p>
<p>Örnek olması açısından, bir de <strong>liste (list)</strong> veri yapısındaki değerlerin <strong>Veri Çerçevesi</strong>ne (<strong>Data Frame</strong>'e) nasıl dönüştürüldüğünü görelim;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">veri1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Kerem"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"öğrenci"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">df</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">veri1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"isim"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"yaş"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"meslek"</span><span class="p">])</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p><code>DataFrame()</code> metodunun içine yazdığımız <strong>liste veri yapısının</strong>, <strong>ayrı bir liste içinde</strong> belirtildiğine dikkat edin. </p>
<p>Aynı kodu aşağıdaki şekilde yazarak ta aynı sonuca ulaşabiliriz.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">df</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">([[</span><span class="s2">"Kerem"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"öğrenci"</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"isim"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"yaş"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"meslek"</span><span class="p">])</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Oluşturduğumuz Veri Çerçevesinin içeriğini görelim;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">df</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>isim</th>
<th>yaş</th>
<th>iş-meslek</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Kerem</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>öğrenci</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Birden fazla satır kaydı oluşturmak için, aşağıdaki şekilde liste yapısını kullanabilirsiniz;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">df</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">([[</span><span class="s2">"Kerem"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"öğrenci"</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Safa"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">18</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"öğrenci"</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"isim"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"yaş"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"meslek"</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">df</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>isim</th>
<th>yaş</th>
<th>iş-meslek</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Kerem</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>öğrenci</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Safa</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>öğrenci</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>Harici Dosyalardan Veri Çerçevesi Oluştur</h2>
<h2>CSV Dosyasını İçe Aktarmak</h2>
<h3>read_csv() Fonksiyonu</h3>
<p><strong>csv</strong> uzantılı dosyaların içeriğini çalışmalarımıza/projelerimize eklemek/dahil etmek istersek kullanabileceğimiz fonksiyon, <strong>read_csv()</strong>'dir.</p>
<p>örneğin <strong>nba.csv</strong> isimli dosyasınının içeriğini çalışmamıza aktarıp, veri çerçevesine dönüştürelim;</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pandas</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">pd</span>
<span class="n">nba_csv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_csv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Veri_Setleri/nba.csv"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nba_csv</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Team</th>
<th>Number</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Height</th>
<th>Weight</th>
<th>College</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Avery Bradley</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-2</td>
<td>180.0</td>
<td>Texas</td>
<td>7730337.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Jae Crowder</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>99.0</td>
<td>SF</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-6</td>
<td>235.0</td>
<td>Marquette</td>
<td>6796117.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>John Holland</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>205.0</td>
<td>Boston University</td>
<td>NaN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>R.J. Hunter</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>28.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>22.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>185.0</td>
<td>Georgia State</td>
<td>1148640.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Jonas Jerebko</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>8.0</td>
<td>PF</td>
<td>29.0</td>
<td>6-10</td>
<td>231.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>5000000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>453</td>
<td>Shelvin Mack</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>8.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>6-3</td>
<td>203.0</td>
<td>Butler</td>
<td>2433333.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>454</td>
<td>Raul Neto</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>24.0</td>
<td>6-1</td>
<td>179.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>900000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>455</td>
<td>Tibor Pleiss</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>21.0</td>
<td>C</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>7-3</td>
<td>256.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>2900000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>456</td>
<td>Jeff Withey</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>24.0</td>
<td>C</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>7-0</td>
<td>231.0</td>
<td>Kansas</td>
<td>947276.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>457</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>458 rows × 9 columns</p>
<h3>index_col Parametresi</h3>
<p>Harici kaynaktan veri alarak oluşturulan veri çerçevesinin indeks
değerini, istediğimiz sütuna eşitleyebiliriz. Bunu yapmak için <strong>index_col</strong> parametresini kullanmalıyız. Örneğin NBA oyuncularının verileri barındıran CSV uzantılı dosyanın <strong>Name</strong> Sütununu, veri çerçevemizin <strong>indeks sütunu</strong> haline getirip veri çerçevemize göz atalım.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">nba_csv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_csv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Veri_Setleri/nba.csv"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index_col</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"Name"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nba_csv</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">())</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Team</th>
<th>Number</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Height</th>
<th>Weight</th>
<th>College</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
<td>---</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Avery Bradley</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-2</td>
<td>180.0</td>
<td>Texas</td>
<td>7730337.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jae Crowder</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>99.0</td>
<td>SF</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-6</td>
<td>235.0</td>
<td>Marquette</td>
<td>6796117.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>John Holland</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>205.0</td>
<td>Boston University</td>
<td>NaN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>R.J. Hunter</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>28.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>22.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>185.0</td>
<td>Georgia State</td>
<td>1148640.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jonas Jerebko</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>8.0</td>
<td>PF</td>
<td>29.0</td>
<td>6-10</td>
<td>231.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>5000000.0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Gördüğünüz gibi artık <strong>indeks bilgileri</strong>, <strong>Oyuncu isimleri</strong>ne dönüşmüş oldu.</p>
<h3>read_table() Fonksiyonu</h3>
<p><strong>read_table()</strong> fonksiyonu ile <strong>csv</strong>
uzantılı dosyalar içe aktarıldığında, dosyanın her satırı, tablonun bir
sütununa yazılır. Yani tabloda 2 sütun oluşturulur birinde index
bilgisi, ikinci sütunda ise <strong>csv</strong> dosyasının satırlarındaki bilgiler bulunur.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">nba</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Veri_Setleri/nba.csv"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nba</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name,Team,Number,Position,Age,Height,Weight,College,Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Avery Bradley,Boston Celtics,0.0,PG,25.0,6-2,1...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Jae Crowder,Boston Celtics,99.0,SF,25.0,6-6,23...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>John Holland,Boston Celtics,30.0,SG,27.0,6-5,2...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>R.J. Hunter,Boston Celtics,28.0,SG,22.0,6-5,18...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Jonas Jerebko,Boston Celtics,8.0,PF,29.0,6-10,...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>453</td>
<td>Shelvin Mack,Utah Jazz,8.0,PG,26.0,6-3,203.0,B...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>454</td>
<td>Raul Neto,Utah Jazz,25.0,PG,24.0,6-1,179.0,,90...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>455</td>
<td>Tibor Pleiss,Utah Jazz,21.0,C,26.0,7-3,256.0,,...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>456</td>
<td>Jeff Withey,Utah Jazz,24.0,C,26.0,7-0,231.0,Ka...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>457</td>
<td>,,,,,,,,</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>458 rows × 1 columns</p>
<h3>delimiter Parametresi</h3>
<p>CSV dosyaları <strong>read_table()</strong> fonksiyonu ile içe aktarılırken <strong>delimiter = ","</strong> parametresi eklenirse, dosya içeriği, <strong>read_csv</strong> fonksiyonu ile aynı çıktıyı verir. Satırlardaki veriler, <strong>","</strong> virgül kısımlarından ayrılarak, ayrı sütunlara yazılır.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">nba</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Veri_Setleri/nba.csv"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">delimiter</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">","</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nba</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Team</th>
<th>Number</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Height</th>
<th>Weight</th>
<th>College</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Avery Bradley</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-2</td>
<td>180.0</td>
<td>Texas</td>
<td>7730337.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Jae Crowder</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>99.0</td>
<td>SF</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-6</td>
<td>235.0</td>
<td>Marquette</td>
<td>6796117.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>John Holland</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>205.0</td>
<td>Boston University</td>
<td>NaN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>R.J. Hunter</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>28.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>22.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>185.0</td>
<td>Georgia State</td>
<td>1148640.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Jonas Jerebko</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>8.0</td>
<td>PF</td>
<td>29.0</td>
<td>6-10</td>
<td>231.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>5000000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>453</td>
<td>Shelvin Mack</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>8.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>6-3</td>
<td>203.0</td>
<td>Butler</td>
<td>2433333.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>454</td>
<td>Raul Neto</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>24.0</td>
<td>6-1</td>
<td>179.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>900000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>455</td>
<td>Tibor Pleiss</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>21.0</td>
<td>C</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>7-3</td>
<td>256.0</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>2900000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>456</td>
<td>Jeff Withey</td>
<td>Utah Jazz</td>
<td>24.0</td>
<td>C</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>7-0</td>
<td>231.0</td>
<td>Kansas</td>
<td>947276.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>457</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
<td>NaN</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>458 rows × 9 columns</p>
<h2>Excel dosyasını içe aktarmak</h2>
<h3>read_excel() Fonksiyonu</h3>
<p><strong>MS Excel</strong> ve <strong>Libre Ofis Calc</strong> programlarıyla oluşturulmuş tabloları, çalışmamıza/projemize dahil etmek için <strong>read_excel()</strong> fonksiyonunu kullanmalıyız.</p>
<p><u>Bu fonksiyon;</u></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>xls, xlsx, xlsm, xlsb, odf, ods</strong> ve odt <strong>uzantılı</strong> dosyaları destekler.</li>
<li>Yerel bir dosya sisteminde veya bir URL'den depolanan excel, calc dosyalarını yükleyebilir.</li>
<li>Bir tek çalışma sayfasından veya bir sayfa listesinden içerik okumayı da destekler.</li>
<li>İki sayfa okunurken, <strong>DataFrame</strong> Sözlük (Dict) yapısına dönüşür.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_excel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dosya_adi</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Bu fonksiyon kullanıldığında, varsayılan olarak, excel dosyasının <strong>ilk çalışma sayfası</strong> yüklenir ve bu sayfanın <strong>ilk satır</strong>, bir Veri Çerçevesi <strong>başlığı (sütun adı)</strong> olarak ayarlanır.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">dogumlar</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_excel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Veri_Setleri/AyaGöreDoğumlar.xlsx"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dogumlar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">())</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Yıl</th>
<th>Toplam</th>
<th>Ocak</th>
<th>Şubat</th>
<th>Mart</th>
<th>Nisan</th>
<th>Mayıs</th>
<th>Haziran</th>
<th>Temmuz</th>
<th>Ağustos</th>
<th>Eylül</th>
<th>Ekim</th>
<th>Kasım</th>
<th>Aralık</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>2001</td>
<td>1323341</td>
<td>170397</td>
<td>103476</td>
<td>107912</td>
<td>102585</td>
<td>110391</td>
<td>111722</td>
<td>119752</td>
<td>120963</td>
<td>109590</td>
<td>103662</td>
<td>92554</td>
<td>70337</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2002</td>
<td>1229555</td>
<td>155065</td>
<td>103446</td>
<td>102175</td>
<td>95976</td>
<td>99501</td>
<td>102627</td>
<td>109747</td>
<td>108061</td>
<td>99701</td>
<td>96216</td>
<td>89285</td>
<td>67755</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>2003</td>
<td>1198927</td>
<td>138670</td>
<td>89548</td>
<td>101046</td>
<td>92574</td>
<td>99531</td>
<td>104644</td>
<td>109225</td>
<td>109159</td>
<td>98766</td>
<td>94838</td>
<td>89542</td>
<td>71384</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>2004</td>
<td>1222484</td>
<td>141538</td>
<td>94596</td>
<td>100696</td>
<td>100801</td>
<td>102214</td>
<td>105728</td>
<td>111102</td>
<td>110425</td>
<td>98492</td>
<td>94840</td>
<td>90833</td>
<td>71219</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>2005</td>
<td>1244041</td>
<td>142311</td>
<td>94234</td>
<td>100529</td>
<td>97441</td>
<td>106833</td>
<td>108536</td>
<td>111066</td>
<td>111430</td>
<td>103273</td>
<td>103310</td>
<td>92364</td>
<td>72714</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Pandas kütüphanesi, tablo okumayı kolaylaştırır ve birden çok satıra yayılan (birleştirilmiş hücrelerdeki) verileri, (ilgili sütunu işleyerek) her hücreye kopyalar. Orjinal tablomuz aşağıdaki gibidir.</p>
<p><img alt="nba" src="../../images/python/pandas/nba.png"></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">nba2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_excel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Veri_Setleri/nba.xlsx"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nba2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Team</th>
<th>Number</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Height</th>
<th>Weight</th>
<th>College</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>Avery Bradley</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-2</td>
<td>180.0</td>
<td>Texas</td>
<td>7730337.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Jae Crowder</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>99.0</td>
<td>SF</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-6</td>
<td>235.0</td>
<td>Marquette</td>
<td>6796117.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>John Holland</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>205.0</td>
<td>Boston University</td>
<td>NaN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>R.J. Hunter</td>
<td>Boston Celtics</td>
<td>28.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>22.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>185.0</td>
<td>Georgia State</td>
<td>1148640.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Thomas Robinson</td>
<td>Brooklyn Nets</td>
<td>41.0</td>
<td>PF</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>6-10</td>
<td>237.0</td>
<td>Kansas</td>
<td>981348.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Henry Sims</td>
<td>Brooklyn Nets</td>
<td>14.0</td>
<td>C</td>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>6-10</td>
<td>248.0</td>
<td>Georgetown</td>
<td>947276.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Donald Sloan</td>
<td>Brooklyn Nets</td>
<td>15.0</td>
<td>PG</td>
<td>28.0</td>
<td>6-3</td>
<td>205.0</td>
<td>Texas A&M</td>
<td>947276.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>Thaddeus Young</td>
<td>Brooklyn Nets</td>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>PF</td>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>6-8</td>
<td>221.0</td>
<td>Georgia Tech</td>
<td>11235955.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>Arron Afflalo</td>
<td>New York Knicks</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>SG</td>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>6-5</td>
<td>210.0</td>
<td>UCLA</td>
<td>8000000.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>Lou Amundson</td>
<td>New York Knicks</td>
<td>17.0</td>
<td>PF</td>
<td>33.0</td>
<td>6-9</td>
<td>220.0</td>
<td>UNLV</td>
<td>1635476.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td>Thanasis Antetokounmpo</td>