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</head>
<body class="article">
<div id="header">
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="web3js_tutorial">Appendix A: Tutoriel web3.js</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_descriptif">Descriptif</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Ce tutoriel est basé sur [email protected] web3.js . Il est conçu comme une introduction à web3.js.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>La bibliothèque JavaScript web3.js est une collection de modules qui contiennent des fonctionnalités spécifiques pour l’écosystème Ethereum, ainsi qu’une API JavaScript compatible Ethereum qui implémente la spécification Generic JSON RPC.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Pour exécuter ce script, vous n’avez pas besoin d’exécuter votre propre nœud local, car il utilise <a href="https://infura.io">services Infura</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_interaction_de_base_du_contrat_web3_js_de_manière_non_bloquée_asynchrone">Interaction de base du contrat web3.js de manière non bloquée (asynchrone)</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Vérifiez que vous disposez d’une version npm valide :</p>
</div>
<pre data-type="programlisting">
$ <strong>npm -v</strong>
5.6.0
</pre>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Si ce n’est pas le cas, initialisez npm :</p>
</div>
<pre data-type="programlisting">
$ <strong>npm init</strong>
</pre>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Installez les dépendances de base :</p>
</div>
<pre data-type="programlisting">
$ <strong>npm i command-line-args</strong>
$ <strong>npm i web3</strong>
$ <strong>npm i node-rest-client-promise</strong>
</pre>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Cela mettra à jour votre fichier de configuration <em>package.json</em> avec vos nouvelles dépendances.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_exécution_du_script_node_js">Exécution du script Node.js</h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Exécution de base :</p>
</div>
<pre data-type="programlisting">
$ <strong>node code/web3js/web3-contract-basic-interaction.js</strong>
</pre>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Utilisez votre propre jeton Infura (enregistrez-vous sur <a href="https://infura.io/" class="bare">https://infura.io/</a> et stockez la clé API dans un fichier local appelé <em>infura_token</em>) :</p>
</div>
<pre data-type="programlisting">
$ <strong>node code/web3js/web3-contract-basic-interaction.js \
--infuraFileToken /path/to/file/with/infura_token</strong>
</pre>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>ou:</p>
</div>
<pre data-type="programlisting">
$ <strong>node code/web3js/web3-contract-basic-interaction.js \
/path/to/file/with/infura_token</strong>
</pre>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Cela lira le fichier avec votre propre jeton et le transmettra comme argument de ligne de commande à la commande réelle.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_examen_du_script_de_démonstration">Examen du script de démonstration</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p> Ensuite, passons en revue notre script de démonstration, <em>web3-contract-basic-interaction</em>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Nous utilisons l’objet Web3 pour obtenir un fournisseur web3 de base :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">var web3 = new Web3(infura_host);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Nous pouvons alors interagir avec web3 et essayer quelques fonctions de base. Voyons la version du protocole :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">web3.eth.getProtocolVersion().then(function(protocolVersion) {
console.log(`Protocol Version: ${protocolVersion}`);
})</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Regardons maintenant le prix actuel du gaz :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">web3.eth.getGasPrice().then(function(gasPrice) {
console.log(`Gas Price: ${gasPrice}`);
})</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Quel est le dernier bloc extrait de la chaîne actuelle ?</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">web3.eth.getBlockNumber().then(function(blockNumber) {
console.log(`Block Number: ${blockNumber}`);
})</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_interaction_de_contrat">Interaction de contrat</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Essayons maintenant quelques interactions de base avec un contrat. Pour ces exemples, nous utiliserons le <a href="https://bit.ly/2MPZZLx">WETH9_ contract</a> sur le testnet Kovan.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph pagebreak-before">
<p>Tout d’abord, initialisons notre adresse de contrat :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">var our_contract_address = "0xd0A1E359811322d97991E03f863a0C30C2cF029C";</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>On peut alors regarder son solde :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">web3.eth.getBalance(our_contract_address).then(function(balance) {
console.log(`Balance of ${our_contract_address}: ${balance}`);
})</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>et voir son code intermédiaire :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">web3.eth.getCode(our_contract_address).then(function(code) {
console.log(code);
})</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Ensuite, nous allons préparer notre environnement pour interagir avec l’API de l’explorateur Etherscan.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Initialisons notre URL de contrat dans l’API de l’explorateur Etherscan pour la chaîne Kovan :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">var etherscan_url =
"https://kovan.etherscan.io/api?module=contract&action=getabi&
address=${our_contract_address}"</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Et initialisons un client REST pour interagir avec l’API Etherscan :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">var client = require('node-rest-client-promise').Client();</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>et obtenir une promesse client :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">client.getPromise(etherscan_url)</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Une fois que nous avons une promesse client valide, nous pouvons obtenir notre ABI de contrat à partir de l’API Etherscan :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">.then((client_promise) => {
our_contract_abi = JSON.parse(client_promise.data.result);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Et maintenant nous pouvons créer notre objet contrat comme une promesse de consommer plus tard :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity"> return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
var our_contract = new web3.eth.Contract(our_contract_abi,
our_contract_address);
try {
// Si tout se passe bien
resolve(our_contract);
} catch (ex) {
// Si quelque chose va mal
reject(ex);
}
});
})</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Si notre promesse de contrat revient avec succès, nous pouvons commencer à interagir avec elle :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">.then((our_contract) => {</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Voyons notre adresse de contrat :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">console.log(`Our Contract address:
${our_contract._address}`);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Ou bien:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">console.log(`Our Contract address in another way:
${our_contract.options.address}`);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Interrogeons maintenant notre ABI de contrat :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">console.log("Our contract abi: " +
JSON.stringify(our_contract.options.jsonInterface));</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Nous pouvons voir l’approvisionnement total de notre contrat à l’aide d’un rappel :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">our_contract.methods.totalSupply().call(function(err, totalSupply) {
if (!err) {
console.log(`Total Supply with a callback: ${totalSupply}`);
} else {
console.log(err);
}
});</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Ou nous pouvons utiliser la promesse retournée au lieu de transmettre le rappel :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-solidity" data-lang="solidity">our_contract.methods.totalSupply().call().then(function(totalSupply){
console.log(`Total Supply with a promise: ${totalSupply}`);
}).catch(function(err) {
console.log(err);
});</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_fonctionnement_asynchrone_avec_attente">Fonctionnement asynchrone avec attente</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Maintenant que vous avez vu le didacticiel de base, vous pouvez essayer les mêmes interactions en utilisant une construction asynchrone wait . Passez en revue le script <em>web3-contract-basic-interaction-async-await.js</em> dans <a href="http://bit.ly/2ABrFkl"><em>code/web3js</em></a> et comparez-le à ce didacticiel pour voir en quoi ils diffèrent. Async-wait est plus facile à lire, car il fait en sorte que l’interaction asynchrone se comporte davantage comme une séquence d’appels bloquants.</p>
</div>
</div>
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Last updated 2022-05-15 04:19:26 -0400
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