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Sync-Netbox.ps1
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Sync-Netbox.ps1
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#Requires -Version 5
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Synchronize Netbox Virtual Machines from VMware vCenter.
.DESCRIPTION
The Sync-Netbox cmdlet uses the Django Swagger REST API included in Netbox and VMware PowerCLI to synchronize data
from vCenter to Netbox.
Function skeleton adapted from https://gist.github.com/9to5IT/9620683
.PARAMETER Token
Netbox REST API token
.NOTES
Version: 1.1
Author: Joe Wegner <joe at jwegner dot io>
Creation Date: 2018-02-08
Purpose/Change: Initial script development
License: GPLv3
Note that this script relies heavily on the PersistentID field in vCenter, as that will uniquely identify the VM
You will need to create a vcenter_persistent_id custom field on your VM object in Netbox for this to work properly
removed PowerCLI requires header due to loading error
#Requires -Version 5 -Modules VMware.PowerCLI
#>
#---------------------------------------------------------[Initialisations]--------------------------------------------------------
#Set Error Action to Silently Continue
#$ErrorActionPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
# allow verbose messages to be recorded in transcript
$VerbosePreference = "Continue"
#----------------------------------------------------------[Declarations]----------------------------------------------------------
# store common paths in variables for URI creation
# update for your Netbox instance
$URIBase = "https://netbox.example.com/api"
$ClustersPath = "/virtualization/clusters"
$VirtualMachinesPath = "/virtualization/virtual-machines"
$PlatformsPath = "/dcim/platforms"
$InterfacesPath = "/virtualization/interfaces"
$IPAddressesPath = "/ipam/ip-addresses"
#-----------------------------------------------------------[Functions]------------------------------------------------------------
function Sync-Netbox {
param (
[parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[String]
$Token
)
begin {
# setup headers for Netbox API calls
$TokenHeader = "Token " + $Token
$Headers = New-Object "System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary[[String],[String]]"
$Headers.Add("Accept", "application/json")
$Headers.Add("Authorization", $TokenHeader)
# first, we will clear out any VMs that are in Netbox but no longer in vCenter
# get all VMs in vCenter and collect their persistent IDs
$VMs = Get-VM
$VMCount = "Retrieved $VMs.count from vCenter"
Write-Verbose $VMCount
$vCenterPersistentIDs = @()
foreach ($VM in $VMs) {
$vCenterPersistentIDs += $VM.PersistentID
}
# retrieve all VMs from Netbox
$URI = $URIBase + $VirtualMachinesPath + "/?limit=0"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
#ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
# check each Netbox VM against list from vCenter and delete if not present
foreach ($VM in $Response.Results) {
$PersistentID = $VM.custom_fields.vcenter_persistent_id
if ($vCenterPersistentIDs -notcontains $PersistentID) {
# Delete old VM from Netbox inventory
$NetboxID = $VM.ID
$URI = $URIBase + $VirtualMachinesPath + "/" + $NetboxID + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method DELETE -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
#ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$Message = "Deleting " + $VM.Name
Write-Verbose $Message
}
}
# Create mapping of vCenter OSFullName to Netbox platform IDs
$NetboxPlatforms = @{}
$URI = $URIBase + $PlatformsPath + "/?limit=0"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
foreach ($Platform in $Response.Results) {
$NetboxPlatforms[$Platform.Name] = $Platform.ID
}
# Create mapping of vCenter Cluster Names to Netbox cluster IDs
$NetboxClusters = @{}
$URI = $URIBase + $ClustersPath + "/?limit=0"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
foreach ($Cluster in $Response.Results) {
$NetboxClusters[$Cluster.Name] = $Cluster.ID
}
# retrieve all clusters from vCenter
$Clusters = Get-Cluster
# iterate through the clusters
foreach ($Cluster in $Clusters) {
# Retrive Netbox ID for cluster
$ClusterID = $NetboxClusters[$Cluster.Name]
# Retrieve all VMs in cluster
$VMs = Get-VM -Location $Cluster
# Iterate through each VM object
foreach ($VM in $VMs) {
# Query Netbox for VM using persistent ID from vCenter
$URI = $URIBase + $VirtualMachinesPath + "/?q=&cf_vcenter_persistent_id=" + $VM.PersistentID
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
# A successful request will always have a results dictionary, though it may be empty
$NetboxInfo = $Response.Results
# Retrieve Netbox ID for VM if available
$NetboxID = $NetboxInfo.ID
# Create object to hold this VM's attributes for export
$vCenterInfo = @{}
if ($Response.Count -eq 0) {
# A machine with this PersistentID does not exist yet, or was created manually
$vCenterInfo["custom_fields"] = @{
"vcenter_persistent_id" = $VM.PersistentID
}
} elseif ($Response.Count -gt 1) {
# duplicate entries exit / something went wrong
Write-Warning -Message [String]::Format("{0} has {1} entries in Netbox, skipping...", $VM.Name, $Response.Count)
continue
}
# don't need to consider case where we have count -eq 1 since we already have the info set
# and count *shouldn't* be negative...
# calculate values for comparison
$vCPUs = $VM.NumCPU
$Disk = [Math]::Round($VM.ProvisionedSpaceGB).ToString()
# Match up VMHost with proper Netbox Cluster
$VMHost = Get-VMHost -VM $VM | Select-Object -Property Name
# Our VM hosts have prefixes that match the cluster name, so adjust as needed
if ($VMHost -match "CLUSTER1") {
$ClusterID = $NetboxClusters["CLUSTER1"]
} elseif ($VMHost -match "CLUSTER2") {
$ClusterID = $NetboxClusters["CLUSTER2"]
}
if ($NetboxInfo.Cluster) {
if ($NetboxInfo.Cluster.ID -ne $ClusterID) { $vCenterInfo["cluster"] = $ClusterID }
} else {
$vCenterInfo["cluster"] = $ClusterID
}
if ($NetboxInfo.vCPUs -ne $vCPUs) { $vCenterInfo["vcpus"] = $vCPUs }
if ($NetboxInfo.Memory -ne $VM.MemoryMB) { $vCenterInfo["memory"] = $VM.MemoryMB }
if ($NetboxInfo.Disk -ne $Disk) { $vCenterInfo["disk"] = $Disk }
if ($VM.PowerState -eq "PoweredOn") {
# Netbox status ID 1 = Active
if ($NetboxInfo.Status) {
if ($NetboxInfo.Status.Label -ne "Active") { $vCenterInfo["status"] = 1 }
} else {
$vCenterInfo["status"] = 1
}
} else {
# VM is not powered on
# Netbox status ID 0 = Offline
if ($NetboxInfo.Status) {
if ($NetboxInfo.Status.Label -eq "Active") { $vCenterInfo["status"] = 0 }
} else {
$vCenterInfo["status"] = 0
}
}
# Retrieve guest information
$Guest = Get-VMGuest -VM $VM
# canonicalize to lower case hostname
if ($Guest.Hostname) {
$Hostname = $Guest.Hostname.ToLower()
# Convert Guest OS name to Netbox ID
if ($NetboxInfo.Name -ne $Hostname) { $vCenterInfo["name"] = $Hostname }
} else {
# Use VM inventory name as a placeholder - uniquely identified by PersistentID
$Name = $VM.Name.ToLower()
if ($NetboxInfo.Name -ne $Name) { $vCenterInfo["name"] = $Name }
}
# Lookup Netbox ID for platform
if ($Guest.OSFullName) {
$Platform = $Guest.OSFullName
# check that this platform exists in Netbox
if ($NetboxPlatforms.ContainsKey($Platform)) {
$PlatformID = $NetboxPlatforms[$Platform]
if ($NetboxInfo.Platform) {
if ($NetboxInfo.Platform.ID -ne $PlatformID) { $vCenterInfo["platform"] = $PlatformID }
} else {
$vCenterInfo["platform"] = $PlatformID
}
} else {
# platform not present in Netbox, need to create it
# strip out bad character for friendly URL name
$Slug = $Platform.ToLower()
$Slug = $Slug -Replace "\s","-"
$Slug = $Slug -Replace "\.",""
$Slug = $Slug -Replace "\(",""
$Slug = $Slug -Replace "\)",""
$Slug = $Slug -Replace "/",""
Write-Verbose "Creating new platform:"
$PlatformInfo = @{
"name" = $Platform
"slug" = $Slug
}
$PlatformJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $PlatformInfo
Write-Verbose $PlatformJSON
$URI = $URIBase + $PlatformsPath + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method POST -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $PlatformJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
# add new id into platforms hashtable
$NetboxPlatforms[$Response.Name] = $Response.ID
}
}
# Store results with defaults from previous request
$NetboxVM = $NetboxInfo
# Check if we have any changes to submit
if ($vCenterInfo.Count -gt 0) {
# Create JSON of data for POST/PATCH
$vCenterJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $vCenterInfo
if ($NetboxID) {
# VM already exists in Netbox, so update with any new info
Write-Verbose "Updating Netbox VM:"
Write-Verbose $vCenterJSON
$URI = $URIBase + $VirtualMachinesPath + "/$NetboxID/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method PATCH -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $vCenterJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$NetboxVM = $Response
} else {
Write-Verbose "Creating new VM in Netbox:"
Write-Verbose $vCenterJSON
# VM does not exist in Netbox, so create new VM entry
$URI = $URIBase + $VirtualMachinesPath + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method POST -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $vCenterJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$NetboxVM = $Response
}
} else {
$VMName = $NetboxInfo.Name
Write-Verbose "VM $VMName already exists in Netbox and no changes needed"
}
$NetboxID = $NetboxVM.ID
# Create list to store collected NIC objects
$vCenterNICs = @()
if ($Guest.NICs) {
foreach ($NICInfo in $Guest.NICs) {
foreach ($NIC in $NICInfo) {
# Check that the device name exists
if ($NIC.Device.Name) {
# Process each IP in array
$IPs = @()
foreach ($IP in $NIC.IPAddress) {
$vCenterIP = [IPAddress]$IP
# Create temporary variable for IP
$TempIP = "127.0.0.1/32"
# Apply appropriate prefix for IP version
$AddressType = $vCenterIP | Select-Object -Property AddressFamily
if ([String]$AddressType -eq "@{AddressFamily=InterNetwork}") {
$TempIP = $IP + "/32"
} elseif ([String]$AddressType -eq "@{AddressFamily=InterNetworkV6}") {
$TempIP = $IP + "/128"
} else {
Write-Warning -Message [String]::Format("Address {0} is of type {1}, skipping...", $IP, $AddressType)
continue
}
$IPs += $TempIP
}
$Interface = @{
"enabled" = $NIC.Connected
"addresses" = $IPs
"name" = $NIC.Device.Name
"mac_address" = $NIC.MACAddress
"virtual_machine" = $NetboxID
}
$vCenterNICs += $Interface
}
}
}
}
# Retrieve info on NICs present in Netbox
$URI = $URIBase + $InterfacesPath + "/?virtual_machine_id=$NetboxID"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$NetboxNICs = $Response.Results
# 3 conditions we're interested in:
# 1. Interface is in Netbox and not vCenter -> delete interface from Netbox
# 2. Interface is in vCenter and not Netbox -> create new Netbox interface
# 3. Interface is in both -> update info if necessary
# create list of MACs for Netbox
$NetboxMACs = @()
foreach ($NetboxNIC in $NetboxNICs) {
$NetboxMACs += $NetboxNIC.mac_address
}
# create list of MACs for vCenter
$vCenterMACs = @()
foreach ($vCenterNIC in $vCenterNICs) {
$vCenterMACs += $vCenterNIC.mac_address
}
# Delete any interfaces in Netbox that are not present in vCenter
foreach ($NetboxNIC in $NetboxNICs) {
$vCenterContains = $vCenterMACs -contains $NetboxNIC.mac_address
if (-Not $vCenterContains) {
# Netbox interface does not match vCenter's, so remove it
$Message = "Deleting Netbox interface " + $NetboxNIC.name
Write-Verbose $Message
$URI = $URIBase + $InterfacesPath + "/" + $NetboxNIC.id + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method DELETE -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
}
}
# create hashtable mapping Netbox interface IDs to IP lists as we process them
$IPAssignments = @{}
foreach ($vCenterNIC in $vCenterNICs) {
$NetboxContains = $NetboxMACs -contains $vCenterNIC.mac_address
if (-Not $NetboxContains) {
# Interface is in vCenter but not Netbox, so create new interface in Netbox with details from vCenter
$Message = "Creating Netbox interface " + $vCenterNIC.name
Write-Verbose $Message
$vCenterNICJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $vCenterNIC
$URI = $URIBase + $InterfacesPath + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method POST -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $vCenterNICJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$NIC = $Response
# Store interface ID
$NICID = [String]$NIC.ID
# Get list of addresses from hash table and delete
$IPs = $vCenterNIC.addresses
$vCenterNIC.Remove["addresses"]
# store IP list in Netbox interface ID to IP arrary hashtable
$IPAssignments[$NICID] = $IPs
} else {
# NIC exists in both, now identify which
foreach ($NetboxNIC in $NetboxNICs) {
$Message = [String]::Format("Comparing Netbox interface '{0}' and vCenter interface '{1}'", $NetboxNIC.name, $vCenterNIC.name)
Write-Verbose $Message
if ($vCenterNIC.mac_address -eq $NetboxNIC.mac_address) {
# Interfaces match, so only need to update if necessary
$NICUpdate = @{}
# Store interface ID
$NICID = [String]$NetboxNIC.id
# Currently we don't want to overwrite any custom name (e.g. from Ansible or manual)
#If ($NetboxNIC.Name -ne $vCenterNIC.Name) { $NICUpdate["name"] = $vCenterNIC.Name }
if ($NetboxNIC.enabled -ne $vCenterNIC.enabled) { $NICUpdate["enabled"] = $vCenterNIC.enabled }
# Get list of addresses from hash table and delete
$IPs = $vCenterNIC.addresses
$vCenterNIC.Remove["addresses"]
# store IP list in Netbox interface ID to IP arrary hashtable
$IPAssignments[$NICID] = $IPs
if ($NICUpdate.count -gt 0) {
# only want to patch if there is anything that needs to change
$Message = "Updating Netbox interface " + $NetboxNIC.name
Write-Verbose $Message
$NICUpdateJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $NICUpdate
$URI = $URIBase + $InterfacesPath + "/" + $NetboxNIC.id + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method PATCH -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $NICUpdateJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
}
}
}
}
}
ConvertTo-JSON $IPAssignments | Write-Verbose
# situations to consider:
# 1. IP is assigned in Netbox and not configured in vCenter -> change IP status to "deprecated" in Netbox (just in case NIC was disabled, etc)
# 2. IP is configured in vCenter and not present in Netbox -> create new Netbox IP and assign to Netbox interface
# 3. IP is configured in both -> set to active in Netbox if it is not already and confirm interface
# Create list of all IPs configured on vCenter VM
$ConfiguredIPs = @()
foreach ($InterfaceID in $IPAssignments.Keys) {
$ConfiguredIPs += $IPAssignments[$InterfaceID]
}
# Retrieve all IPs assigned to virtual machine in Netbox
# helpful: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/netbox-discuss/iREz7f9-bN0
$URI = $URIBase + $IPAddressesPath + "/?virtual_machine_id=" + $NetboxID
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$NetboxIPs = $Response.Results
# iterate through and store results in array
$AssignedIPs = @()
foreach ($NetboxIP in $NetboxIPs) {
$IP = $NetboxIP.address
if ($ConfiguredIPs -contains $IP) {
# vCenter VM has IP configured, so keep it
$AssignedIPs += $IP.address
} else {
# IP assigned in Netbox but not configured in vCenter, so set to "deprecated"
$Date = Get-Date -Format d
$Description = [String]::Format("{0} - inactive {1}", $NetboxVM.Name, $Date)
# IP address status 3 = deprecated
$IPPatch = @{
"status" = 3
"description" = $Description
}
$IPPatchJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $IPPatch
$URI = $URIBase + $IPAddressesPath + "/" + $NetboxIP.id + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method PATCH -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $IPPatchJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
}
}
# create or update IPs for each interface as needed
foreach ($InterfaceID in $IPAssignments.Keys) {
# get list of IPs from vCenter
$vCenterIPs = $IPAssignments[$InterfaceID]
# Iterate through this interfaces's IPs and check if they are configured in Netbox
foreach ($vCenterIP in $vCenterIPs) {
if ($AssignedIPs -notcontains $vCenterIP) {
# IP not assigned to VM in Netbox, but need to check if it exists already
$URI = $URIBase + $IPAddressesPath + "/?q=" + $vCenterIP
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method GET -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
if ($Response.count -gt 0) {
# IP exists in Netbox, need to assign it to Netbox VM
$NetboxIP = $Response.results
# create details for patching IP in Netbox
$Description = $NetboxVM.Name
# Status ID 1 = "Active"
$IPPatch = @{
"status" = 1
"description" = $Description
"interface" = $InterfaceID
}
$IPPatchJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $IPPatch
$URI = $URIBase + $IPAddressesPath + "/" + $NetboxIP.id + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method PATCH -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $IPPatchJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$AssignedIPs += $NetboxIP.address
} else {
# IP does not exist in Netbox, so we need to create it
$Description = $NetboxVM.Name
# Status ID 1 = "Active"
$IPPost = @{
"address" = $vCenterIP
"status" = 1
"description" = $Description
"interface" = $InterfaceID
}
$IPPostJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $IPPost
$URI = $URIBase + $IPAddressesPath + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method POST -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $IPPostJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
$AssignedIPs += $Response.address
}
} else {
# IP exists in Netbox, make sure status is "Active" (ID = 1) and that the interface is correct
# Search through Netbox IPs to find corresponding IP
foreach ($NetboxIP in $NetboxIPs) {
if ($vCenterIP -eq $NetboxIP.address) {
# we've found the corresponding entry so determine what data needs to be updated
$IPPatch = @{}
# check that the IP is on the correct interface
if ($NetboxIP.interface -ne $InterfaceID) { $IPPatch["interface"] = $InterfaceID }
# check that the status is active
if ($NetboxIP.status -ne 1) { $IPPatch["status"] = 1 }
# check that the description contains the hostname
$VMShortName = $NetboxVM.Name.Split('.')[0]
$DescriptionMatch = $NetboxIP.description -match $VMShortName
if (-not $DescriptionMatch) {
$IPPatch["status"] = 1
}
# Only submit patches if anything has changed
if ($IPPatch.count -gt 0) {
$IPPatchJSON = ConvertTo-JSON $IPPatch
$URI = $URIBase + $IPAddressesPath + "/" + $NetboxIP.id + "/"
$Response = Invoke-RESTMethod -Method PATCH -Headers $Headers -ContentType "application/json" -Body $IPPatchJSON -URI $URI
ConvertTo-JSON $Response | Write-Verbose
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
process {
}
end {
}
}
#-----------------------------------------------------------[Execution]------------------------------------------------------------
# setup logging to file
$Date = Get-Date -UFormat "%Y-%m-%d"
$LogPath = "D:\logs\" + $Date + "_vcenter_netbox_sync.log"
Start-Transcript -Path $LogPath
# import the PowerCLI module
Import-Module VMware.PowerCLI
# Make sure that you are connected to the vCenter servers before running this manually
$Credential = Get-Credential
Connect-VIServer -Server vcenter.example.com -Credential $Credential
# If running as a scheduled task, ideally you can use a service account
# that can login to both Windows and vCenter with the account's Kerberos ticket
# In that case, you can remove the -Credential from the above Connect-VIServer call
# create your own token at your Netbox instance, e.g. https://netbox.example.com/user/api-tokens/
# You may need to assign addtional user permissions at https://netbox.example.com/admin/auth/user/
# since API permissions are not inherited from LDAP group permissions
$Token = "insert-token-generated-above"
Sync-Netbox -Token $Token
# If you want to see REST responses, add the Verbose flag
#Sync-Netbox -Verbose -Token $Token
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