2196. Create Binary Tree From Descriptions

2196. Create Binary Tree From Descriptions (Medium)

You are given a 2D integer array descriptions where descriptions[i] = [parenti, childi, isLefti] indicates that parenti is the parent of childi in a binary tree of unique values. Furthermore,

• If isLefti == 1, then childi is the left child of parenti.
• If isLefti == 0, then childi is the right child of parenti.

Construct the binary tree described by descriptions and return its root.

The test cases will be generated such that the binary tree is valid.

 

Example 1:

Input: descriptions = [[20,15,1],[20,17,0],[50,20,1],[50,80,0],[80,19,1]]
Output: [50,20,80,15,17,19]
Explanation: The root node is the node with value 50 since it has no parent.
The resulting binary tree is shown in the diagram.

Example 2:

Input: descriptions = [[1,2,1],[2,3,0],[3,4,1]]
Output: [1,2,null,null,3,4]
Explanation: The root node is the node with value 1 since it has no parent.
The resulting binary tree is shown in the diagram.

 

Constraints:

• 1 <= descriptions.length <= 104
• descriptions[i].length == 3
• 1 <= parenti, childi <= 105
• 0 <= isLefti <= 1
• The binary tree described by descriptions is valid.

Similar Questions:

• Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree (Medium)
• Number Of Ways To Reconstruct A Tree (Hard)

Solution 1. Hash Table

Maintain a hash map from node value to node pointer. Use this map to prevent creating the same node multiple times.

To get the root node, we can maintain another map parentMap mapping from child node pointer to parent node pointer. We pick a random node pointer and keep traversing back towards the root using parentMap until the node doesn't have any parents.

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/create-binary-tree-from-descriptions/
// Author: github.com/lzl124631x
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(N)
class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* createBinaryTree(vector<vector<int>>& A) {
        unordered_map<TreeNode*, TreeNode*> parentMap; // map from child node pointer to parent node pointer
        unordered_map<int, TreeNode*> m; // map from node value to node pointer
        for (auto &v : A) {
            int p = v[0], c = v[1], isLeft = v[2];
            auto parent = m.count(p) ? m[p] : (m[p] = new TreeNode(p));
            auto child = m.count(c) ? m[c] : (m[c] = new TreeNode(c));
            if (isLeft) parent->left = child;
            else parent->right = child;
            parentMap[child] = parent;
        }
        auto root = m.begin()->second; // Pick a random node pointer and keep traversing up until the node doesn't have any parents
        while (parentMap.count(root)) root = parentMap[root];
        return root;
    }
};

Discuss

https://leetcode.com/problems/create-binary-tree-from-descriptions/discuss/1823606/