diff --git a/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractServerStream.java b/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractServerStream.java
index a535330f4b1..8567d526a08 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractServerStream.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractServerStream.java
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ protected interface Sink {
   private final StatsTraceContext statsTraceCtx;
   private boolean outboundClosed;
   private boolean headersSent;
+  private boolean closeCalled;
 
   protected AbstractServerStream(
       WritableBufferAllocator bufferAllocator, StatsTraceContext statsTraceCtx) {
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ public final void deliverFrame(
 
   @Override
   public final void close(Status status, Metadata trailers) {
+    Preconditions.checkState(!closeCalled, "call already closed");
     Preconditions.checkNotNull(status, "status");
     Preconditions.checkNotNull(trailers, "trailers");
     if (!outboundClosed) {
@@ -130,6 +132,7 @@ public final void close(Status status, Metadata trailers) {
       // closedStatus is only set from here, and is read from a place that has happen-after
       // guarantees with respect to here.
       transportState().setClosedStatus(status);
+      closeCalled = true;
       abstractServerStreamSink().writeTrailers(trailers, headersSent, status);
     }
   }
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImpl.java b/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImpl.java
index dc0709e1fb8..f01fbee69a5 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImpl.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImpl.java
@@ -779,8 +779,8 @@ static final class JumpToApplicationThreadServerStreamListener implements Server
     // Only accessed from callExecutor.
     private ServerStreamListener listener;
 
-    public JumpToApplicationThreadServerStreamListener(Executor executor,
-        Executor cancelExecutor, ServerStream stream, Context.CancellableContext context, Tag tag) {
+    public JumpToApplicationThreadServerStreamListener(Executor executor, Executor cancelExecutor,
+        ServerStream stream, Context.CancellableContext context, Tag tag) {
       this.callExecutor = executor;
       this.cancelExecutor = cancelExecutor;
       this.stream = stream;
@@ -808,10 +808,13 @@ void setListener(ServerStreamListener listener) {
     /**
      * Like {@link ServerCall#close(Status, Metadata)}, but thread-safe for internal use.
      */
-    private void internalClose(Throwable t) {
-      // TODO(ejona86): this is not thread-safe :)
+    void internalClose(Throwable t) {
       String description = "Application error processing RPC";
-      stream.close(Status.UNKNOWN.withDescription(description).withCause(t), new Metadata());
+      Metadata metadata = Status.trailersFromThrowable(t);
+      if (metadata == null) {
+        metadata = new Metadata();
+      }
+      stream.close(Status.UNKNOWN.withDescription(description).withCause(t), metadata);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImplTest.java b/core/src/test/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImplTest.java
index 3125edca1e6..a138f024c30 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImplTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/io/grpc/internal/ServerImplTest.java
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@
 import io.grpc.StringMarshaller;
 import io.grpc.internal.ServerImpl.JumpToApplicationThreadServerStreamListener;
 import io.grpc.internal.ServerImplBuilder.ClientTransportServersBuilder;
-import io.grpc.internal.SingleMessageProducer;
 import io.grpc.internal.testing.TestServerStreamTracer;
 import io.grpc.util.MutableHandlerRegistry;
 import io.perfmark.PerfMark;
@@ -1535,6 +1534,25 @@ public void channelz_transport_membershp() throws Exception {
     assertTrue(after.end);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void testInternalClose_withNullMetadata() {
+    JumpToApplicationThreadServerStreamListener listener
+        = new JumpToApplicationThreadServerStreamListener(
+        executor.getScheduledExecutorService(),
+        executor.getScheduledExecutorService(),
+        stream,
+        Context.ROOT.withCancellation(),
+        PerfMark.createTag());
+    Throwable throwableMock = mock(Throwable.class);
+    // Stub Status.trailersFromThrowable to return null, simulating the case where metadata is null
+    when(Status.trailersFromThrowable(throwableMock)).thenReturn(null);
+    listener.internalClose(throwableMock);
+    // Capture the arguments passed to stream.close()
+    ArgumentCaptor<Status> statusCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Status.class);
+    ArgumentCaptor<Metadata> metadataCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Metadata.class);
+    verify(stream).close(statusCaptor.capture(), metadataCaptor.capture());
+  }
+
   private void createAndStartServer() throws IOException {
     createServer();
     server.start();
diff --git a/core/src/testFixtures/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractTransportTest.java b/core/src/testFixtures/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractTransportTest.java
index aea7ff49032..abb8b124a04 100644
--- a/core/src/testFixtures/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractTransportTest.java
+++ b/core/src/testFixtures/java/io/grpc/internal/AbstractTransportTest.java
@@ -1573,6 +1573,7 @@ public void messageProducerOnlyProducesRequestedMessages() throws Exception {
     verifyMessageCountAndClose(serverStreamCreation.listener.messageQueue, 1);
   }
 
+  @SuppressWarnings("MissingFail")
   @Test
   public void interactionsAfterServerStreamCloseAreNoops() throws Exception {
     server.start(serverListener);
@@ -1597,10 +1598,14 @@ public void interactionsAfterServerStreamCloseAreNoops() throws Exception {
     assertNotNull(clientStreamListener.status.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
     assertNotNull(clientStreamListener.trailers.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
 
-    // Ensure that for a closed ServerStream, interactions are noops
-    server.stream.writeHeaders(new Metadata(), true);
-    server.stream.writeMessage(methodDescriptor.streamResponse("response"));
-    server.stream.close(Status.INTERNAL, new Metadata());
+    try {
+      // Ensure that for a closed ServerStream, interactions are noops
+      server.stream.writeHeaders(new Metadata(), true);
+      server.stream.writeMessage(methodDescriptor.streamResponse("response"));
+      server.stream.close(Status.INTERNAL, new Metadata());
+    } catch (Exception exception) {
+      assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains("call already closed"));
+    }
 
     // Make sure new streams still work properly
     doPingPong(serverListener);