ERROR: Failed building wheel for diff-gaussian-rasterization

[BuggingCat]

I ran the code on Ubuntu 22.04 and I tried this command
(gaussian_splatting) linle@cg3090:~/content/gaussian-splatting$ pip install submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization

but the problem occurred(see the error below). It seems that some .o files are missing, and I wonder if it is a compile error. I have gcc, g++ and ninja on the computer. The versions are：

g++ (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.4.0
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

gcc (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.4.0
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

The version of ninja is 1.10.1
and the version of CUDA is

nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2021 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Thu_Nov_18_09:45:30_PST_2021
Cuda compilation tools, release 11.5, V11.5.119
Build cuda_11.5.r11.5/compiler.30672275_0

and I created the environment by this #332
because running the .yml file will report an error (TAT)
I have tried this one #306 but the problem is still there

I have been struggling with this problem for several days. I would be appreciate if someone can help me solve this problem.(TAT)

Processing ./submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Building wheel for diff-gaussian-rasterization (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [19 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      running build_ext
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/utils/cpp_extension.py:387: UserWarning: The detected CUDA version (11.5) has a minor version mismatch with the version that was used to compile PyTorch (11.7). Most likely this shouldn't be a problem.
        warnings.warn(CUDA_MISMATCH_WARN.format(cuda_str_version, torch.version.cuda))
      building 'diff_gaussian_rasterization._C' extension
      Emitting ninja build file /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/build.ninja...
      Compiling objects...
      Allowing ninja to set a default number of workers... (overridable by setting the environment variable MAX_JOBS=N)
      1.10.1
      g++ -pthread -B /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -pthread -shared -B /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat -L/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib -Wl,-rpath=/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib -Wl,--no-as-needed -Wl,--sysroot=/ /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/backward.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/forward.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/rasterizer_impl.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/ext.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/rasterize_points.o -L/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/lib -L/usr/lib64 -lc10 -ltorch -ltorch_cpu -ltorch_python -lcudart -lc10_cuda -ltorch_cuda_cu -ltorch_cuda_cpp -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/diff_gaussian_rasterization/_C.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/backward.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/forward.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/rasterizer_impl.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/ext.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/rasterize_points.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
      error: command '/usr/bin/g++' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Running setup.py clean for diff-gaussian-rasterization
Failed to build diff-gaussian-rasterization
Installing collected packages: diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Running setup.py install for diff-gaussian-rasterization ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Running setup.py install for diff-gaussian-rasterization did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [27 lines of output]
      running install
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py:37: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: setup.py install is deprecated. Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.
        setuptools.SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning,
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-37
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/diff_gaussian_rasterization
      copying diff_gaussian_rasterization/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/diff_gaussian_rasterization
      running build_ext
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/utils/cpp_extension.py:387: UserWarning: The detected CUDA version (11.5) has a minor version mismatch with the version that was used to compile PyTorch (11.7). Most likely this shouldn't be a problem.
        warnings.warn(CUDA_MISMATCH_WARN.format(cuda_str_version, torch.version.cuda))
      building 'diff_gaussian_rasterization._C' extension
      creating /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37
      creating /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer
      Emitting ninja build file /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/build.ninja...
      Compiling objects...
      Allowing ninja to set a default number of workers... (overridable by setting the environment variable MAX_JOBS=N)
      1.10.1
      g++ -pthread -B /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -pthread -shared -B /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat -L/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib -Wl,-rpath=/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib -Wl,--no-as-needed -Wl,--sysroot=/ /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/backward.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/forward.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/rasterizer_impl.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/ext.o /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/rasterize_points.o -L/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/lib -L/usr/lib64 -lc10 -ltorch -ltorch_cpu -ltorch_python -lcudart -lc10_cuda -ltorch_cuda_cu -ltorch_cuda_cpp -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/diff_gaussian_rasterization/_C.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/backward.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/forward.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/rasterizer_impl.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/ext.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/rasterize_points.o: 没有那个文件或目录
      collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
      error: command '/usr/bin/g++' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> diff-gaussian-rasterization

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

[altaykacan]

Hello,

it seems to me that your CUDA version for the PyTorch you have and the actually installed CUDA version do not match as indicated by

/home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/utils/cpp_extension.py:387: UserWarning: The detected CUDA version (11.5) has a minor version mismatch with the version that was used to compile PyTorch (11.7). Most likely this shouldn't be a problem. warnings.warn(CUDA_MISMATCH_WARN.format(cuda_str_version, torch.version.cuda))

This might not be too big of a problem but I think it's worth looking into. The main issue seems to be that when you are building the submodule, the right object files (.o files) aren't being created, (i.e. /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/compiler_compat/ld: cannot find /home/linle/content/gaussian-splatting/submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-37/cuda_rasterizer/backward.o: 没有那个文件或目录).

Which GPU do you have and what's the compute capability for it? You can check it from here.

I'd make sure it matches the minimum requirements given in the README from the original authors. Also maybe your CUDA version of 11.5 is too old for this repo. If you have a GPU that is above the minimum requirements, you can try adding the compute capability to here since it specifies for which GPU compute capabilities the binaries are created for.

I'm no expert with c++ but have been trying to get some stuff to work with 3DGS and figured out this much. I hope it helps you out, good luck!

[BuggingCat]

@altaykacan Thank you very much!!!
However, there is still some problems/(ㄒoㄒ)/~~
I am using RTX3090 now and I guess the compute capability is ok(?
And I try to change my CUDA version to 11.8 (the computer has many different versions of CUDA), and after I made a soft link to change it, the command nvcc -V showed the previous version. I change the exec /usr/lib/nvidia-cuda-toolkit/bin/nvcc "$@" to exec /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc "$@" in the file /usr/bin/nvcc, and then the command showed the right version of CUDA. However, when I try to install the submodules, it said the location could't be found.
Is there any solution of this problem? Thanks a lot!!!

(gaussian_splatting) linle@cg3090:~/content/gaussian-splatting$ pip install submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization
Processing ./submodules/diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Building wheel for diff-gaussian-rasterization (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [5 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      running build_ext
      error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: ':/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc': ':/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc'
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Running setup.py clean for diff-gaussian-rasterization
Failed to build diff-gaussian-rasterization
Installing collected packages: diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Attempting uninstall: diff-gaussian-rasterization
    Found existing installation: diff-gaussian-rasterization 0.0.0
    Uninstalling diff-gaussian-rasterization-0.0.0:
      Successfully uninstalled diff-gaussian-rasterization-0.0.0
  Running setup.py install for diff-gaussian-rasterization ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Running setup.py install for diff-gaussian-rasterization did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [8 lines of output]
      running install
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/diff_gaussian_rasterization
      copying diff_gaussian_rasterization/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/diff_gaussian_rasterization
      running build_ext
      error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: ':/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc': ':/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc'
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  Rolling back uninstall of diff-gaussian-rasterization
  Moving to /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/diff_gaussian_rasterization-0.0.0.dist-info/
   from /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/~iff_gaussian_rasterization-0.0.0.dist-info
  Moving to /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/diff_gaussian_rasterization/
   from /home/linle/anaconda3/envs/gaussian_splatting/lib/python3.7/site-packages/~iff_gaussian_rasterization
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> diff-gaussian-rasterization

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

[altaykacan]

I'm happy to help! Hmmm I don't know why it wouldn't be working but I noticed there is an extra colon in your path :/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc

Do you think that might be the issue or is it something related to softlinks I don't know?

[BuggingCat]

Thank you for your help!!!!!
The extra colon is a problem. When I changed the path
export CUDA_HOME=$CUDA_HOME:/usr/local/cuda
to export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda , and then the problem has solved.
Finally I changed the version of g++ and gcc to 10.5.0, and changed the version of cmake to 3.24. At last I could train the sample data successfully! Then I installed SIBR viewer to see the result, at first when I install the rely packages, the dependencies between packages are broken. I solved this problem by install the packages by aptitude and delete some things (I don't know whether it will lead to other problems(?) ). And finally it works!

However, when I was going to train my own data (Some videos shot by me) , the colmap can not connect to CUDA, and .ply file can not be generated successfully. Before changing the CUDA version to 11.8, colmap was successfully configured with CUDA. Then I delete the "build" file and try to build colmap again. I find it strange because it seems that cmake has detected the CUDA 11.8 (you can see it from below), however when I using the command colmap help , I find there is still no CUDA. I think the .ply file can not be generated without CUDA. And training the data need this file. How can I solve the problem? Thanks a lot!!!

(base) linle@cg3090:~/colmap/build$ cmake .. -GNinja
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 10.5.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 10.5.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Found Boost: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/Boost-1.74.0/BoostConfig.cmake (found version "1.74.0") found components: filesystem graph program_options system 
-- Found FreeImage
--   Includes : /usr/include
--   Libraries : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreeimage.so
-- Found FLANN
--   Includes : /usr/include
--   Libraries : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libflann.so
-- Found LZ4
--   Includes : /usr/include
--   Libraries : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblz4.so
-- Found Metis
--   Includes : /usr/include
--   Libraries : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmetis.so
-- Found Glog
--   Target : glog::glog
-- Found SQLite3: /usr/include (found version "3.37.2") 
-- Found OpenGL: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenGL.so   
-- Found Glew
--   Includes : /usr/include
--   Libraries : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLEW.so
-- Found Git: /bin/git (found version "2.34.1") 
-- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD
-- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD - Success
-- Found Threads: TRUE  
-- Found required Ceres dependency: Eigen version 3.4.0 in /usr/include/eigen3
-- Found required Ceres dependency: glog
-- Found required Ceres dependency: gflags
-- Found Ceres version: 2.0.0 installed in: / with components: [EigenSparse, SparseLinearAlgebraLibrary, LAPACK, SuiteSparse, CXSparse, SchurSpecializations, Multithreading]
-- Enabling OpenMP support
-- Using header-only CGAL
-- Targetting Ninja
-- Using /bin/c++ compiler.
-- Found GMP: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmp.so  
-- Found MPFR: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmpfr.so  
-- Found Boost: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/Boost-1.74.0/BoostConfig.cmake (found suitable version "1.74.0", minimum required is "1.48")  
-- Boost include dirs: /usr/include
-- Boost libraries:    
-- Using gcc version 4 or later. Adding -frounding-math
-- Found CGAL
--   Includes : /usr/include
--   Libraries : CGAL
-- The CUDA compiler identification is NVIDIA 11.8.89
-- Detecting CUDA compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CUDA compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CUDA compiler: /bin/nvcc - skipped
-- Detecting CUDA compile features
-- Detecting CUDA compile features - done
-- Enabling CUDA support (version: 11.8.89, archs: 86)
-- Found Qt
--   Module : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/Qt5Core
--   Module : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/Qt5OpenGL
--   Module : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/Qt5Widgets
-- Enabling GUI support
-- Enabling OpenGL support
-- Enabling GPU support
-- Build type not specified, using Release
-- Enabling SIMD support
-- Disabling interprocedural optimization
-- Disabling ccache support
-- Disabling profiling support
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/linle/colmap/build
(base) linle@cg3090:~/colmap/build$ ninja
[152/213] Building CXX object src/colmap/exe/CMakeFiles/colmap_exe.dir/sfm.cc.o
In file included from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/sp_thread_sleep.hpp:22,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/yield_k.hpp:23,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/spinlock_gcc_atomic.hpp:14,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/spinlock.hpp:42,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/spinlock_pool.hpp:25,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/shared_ptr.hpp:29,
                 from /usr/include/boost/shared_ptr.hpp:17,
                 from /usr/include/boost/program_options/options_description.hpp:16,
                 from /usr/include/boost/program_options.hpp:15,
                 from /home/linle/colmap/src/colmap/controllers/option_manager.h:36,
                 from /home/linle/colmap/src/colmap/controllers/automatic_reconstruction.h:32,
                 from /home/linle/colmap/src/colmap/exe/sfm.cc:32:
/usr/include/boost/bind.hpp:36:1: note: ‘#pragma message: The practice of declaring the Bind placeholders (_1, _2, ...) in the global namespace is deprecated. Please use <boost/bind/bind.hpp> + using namespace boost::placeholders, or define BOOST_BIND_GLOBAL_PLACEHOLDERS to retain the current behavior.’
   36 | BOOST_PRAGMA_MESSAGE(
      | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[211/213] Building CXX object src/colmap/exe/CMakeFiles/colmap_main.dir/sfm.cc.o
In file included from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/sp_thread_sleep.hpp:22,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/yield_k.hpp:23,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/spinlock_gcc_atomic.hpp:14,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/spinlock.hpp:42,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/detail/spinlock_pool.hpp:25,
                 from /usr/include/boost/smart_ptr/shared_ptr.hpp:29,
                 from /usr/include/boost/shared_ptr.hpp:17,
                 from /usr/include/boost/program_options/options_description.hpp:16,
                 from /usr/include/boost/program_options.hpp:15,
                 from /home/linle/colmap/src/colmap/controllers/option_manager.h:36,
                 from /home/linle/colmap/src/colmap/controllers/automatic_reconstruction.h:32,
                 from /home/linle/colmap/src/colmap/exe/sfm.cc:32:
/usr/include/boost/bind.hpp:36:1: note: ‘#pragma message: The practice of declaring the Bind placeholders (_1, _2, ...) in the global namespace is deprecated. Please use <boost/bind/bind.hpp> + using namespace boost::placeholders, or define BOOST_BIND_GLOBAL_PLACEHOLDERS to retain the current behavior.’
   36 | BOOST_PRAGMA_MESSAGE(
      | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[213/213] Linking CXX executable src/colmap/exe/colmap
/bin/ld: warning: libunwind.so.8, needed by /usr/lib/libceres.so.2.0.0, may conflict with libunwind.so.1
(base) linle@cg3090:~/colmap/build$ sudo ninja install
[0/1] Install the project...
-- Install configuration: "Release"
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/applications/COLMAP.desktop
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_controllers.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_estimators.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_exe.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_feature_types.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_feature.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_geometry.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_image.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_math.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_mvs.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_optim.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_retrieval.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_scene.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_sensor.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_sfm.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_util.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_lsd.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_poisson_recon.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_vlfeat.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_ui.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_util_cuda.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_mvs_cuda.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libcolmap_sift_gpu.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/colmap/colmap-config.cmake
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/colmap/colmap-config-version.cmake
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/colmap/colmap-targets.cmake
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/colmap/colmap-targets-release.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/combination_sampler.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/random_sampler.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/sampler.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/loransac.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/ransac.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/support_measurement.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/progressive_sampler.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/least_absolute_deviations.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/optim/sprt.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/scene_clustering.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/two_view_geometry.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/track.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/correspondence_graph.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/image.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/database_cache.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/point3d.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/projection.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/visibility_pyramid.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/reconstruction_io.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/camera_rig.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/synthetic.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/database.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/point2d.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/reconstruction.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/reconstruction_manager.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/scene/camera.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/feature.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/mvs.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/model.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/vocab_tree.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/image.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/gui.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/sfm.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/exe/database.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/generalized_absolute_pose_coeffs.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/homography_matrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/two_view_geometry.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/similarity_transform.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/pose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/generalized_absolute_pose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/coordinate_frame.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/essential_matrix_coeffs.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/euclidean_transform.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/affine_transform.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/fundamental_matrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/essential_matrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/triangulation.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/alignment.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/translation_transform.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/cost_functions.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/generalized_relative_pose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/absolute_pose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/essential_matrix_poly.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/bundle_adjustment.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/estimators/generalized_pose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/math
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/math/matrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/math/math.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/math/graph_cut.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/math/random.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/math/polynomial.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/feature_matching.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/feature_extraction.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/incremental_mapper.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/option_manager.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/image_reader.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/bundle_adjustment.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/feature_matching_utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/hierarchical_mapper.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/controllers/automatic_reconstruction.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/cache.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/cuda.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/logging.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/string.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/threading.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/endian.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/eigen_alignment.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/testing.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/misc.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/controller_thread.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/sqlite3_utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/opengl_utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/version.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/types.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/cudacc.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/ply.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/timer.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/util/base_controller.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sfm
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sfm/incremental_triangulator.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sfm/incremental_mapper.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/inverted_file_entry.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/geometry.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/vote_and_verify.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/visual_index.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/inverted_file.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/retrieval/inverted_index.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/homography_matrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/pose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/sim3.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/gps.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/essential_matrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/triangulation.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/geometry/rigid3.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/normal_map.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/model.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/depth_map.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/cuda_flip.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/cuda_rotate.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/consistency_graph.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/workspace.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/image.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/cuda_transpose.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/cuda_texture.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/patch_match_cuda.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/meshing.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/gpu_mat.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/gpu_mat_prng.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/patch_match.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/fusion.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/gpu_mat_ref_image.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/mvs/mat.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/feature
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/feature/sift.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/feature/utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/feature/matcher.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/feature/types.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/feature/extractor.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/reconstruction_stats_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/thread_control_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/feature_extraction_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/automatic_reconstruction_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/movie_grabber_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/license_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/line_painter.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/point_painter.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/model_viewer_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/reconstruction_options_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/dense_reconstruction_widget.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/log_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/undistortion_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/colormaps.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/database_management_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/point_viewer_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/qt_utils.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/reconstruction_manager_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/triangle_painter.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/project_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/options_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/shaders
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/match_matrix_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/feature_matching_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/media
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/bundle_adjustment_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/render_options.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/image_viewer_widget.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/ui/main_window.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/tools
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sensor
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sensor/bitmap.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sensor/specs.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/sensor/database.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/image/line.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/image/undistortion.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/image/warp.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/SparseMatrix.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MultiGridOctreeData.System.inl
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MultiGridOctreeData.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/PoissonRecon.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/PPolynomial.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/BSplineData.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MemoryUsage.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MultiGridOctreeData.WeightedSamples.inl
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/CmdLineParser.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/Polynomial.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/Array.inl
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MAT.inl
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/CmdLineParser.inl
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MultiGridOctreeData.inl
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/SurfaceTrimmer.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/PPolynomial.inl
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/BinaryNode.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MultiGridOctreeData.Evaluation.inl
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/Ply.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/MultiGridOctreeData.IsoSurface.inl
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/PoissonRecon/FunctionData.inl
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/LSD/lsd.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/getopt_long.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/dsift.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/mathop_avx.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/fisher.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/sift.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/svm.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/rodrigues.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/shuffle-def.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/lbp.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/kmeans.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/hog.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/host.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/mser.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/scalespace.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/random.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/stringop.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/homkermap.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/covdet.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/aib.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/ikmeans.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/liop.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/qsort-def.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/VLFeat/svmdataset.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/ProgramCL.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/PyramidCU.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/SiftMatch.h
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-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/CLTexImage.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/ShaderMan.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/ProgramGLSL.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/SiftMatchCU.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/GlobalUtil.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/include/colmap/thirdparty/SiftGPU/ProgramCU.h
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindFreeImage.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindGlog.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindDependencies.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindGlew.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindMetis.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindLZ4.cmake
-- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/colmap/cmake/FindFLANN.cmake
-- Installing: /usr/local/bin/colmap
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/bin/colmap" to ""
(base) linle@cg3090:~/colmap/build$ colmap help
COLMAP 3.7 -- Structure-from-Motion and Multi-View Stereo
              (Commit Unknown on Unknown without CUDA)

Usage:
  colmap [command] [options]

Documentation:
  https://colmap.github.io/

[altaykacan]

I'm happy to help!

Hmm I don't really know what's causing your issue, seems to be related to installing COLMAP so you can check some issues on their repo: https://github.com/colmap/colmap

As far as I know, you can use the convert.py script the 3DGS authors provide with the option --no_gpu, this would be slow but if installing COLMAP without gpu support works (they provide binaries too I think) you can just use the python script with that option.

Good luck!