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protocols.theory.txt
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protocols.theory.txt
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PROTOCOLS
From bottom (encapsulating, bigger packet) to top (finally delivered) :
- physical layer
- link layer
- for the hardware networking
- ex: Ethernet, Wifi
- internet/network layer
- for routing (accessing specific target in a network, by going from one router to the other)
- ex: IP
- transport layer
- to establish connection (remembering the other, reordering received out-of-order packets, etc.)
- ex: TCP, UDP
- application layer :
- to ask for a specific resource
- divided in :
- session (optional)
- ex: TLS/SSL (HTTPS) (asym. handshake)
- presentation (optional)
- ex: TLS/SSL (sym. encryption)
- application
- ex.: HTTP, SSDP, SSH, DNS, FTP, IRC, NTP, POP, SMTP
Each protocol has :
- header/footer
- encapsuled data