recon.md

Recon on the target

Index

• Recon tools
• Recon techniques
• Azure
  • Manually
  • AADinternals
  • Microburst
  • Valid emails

Recon steps for cloud asset discovery

1. Traditional host discovery still applies
2. After host discovery resolve all names, then perforn whois lookups to determine where are they hosted.
3. Microsoft, Amazon, Google IP space usually indicates cloud service usage.
4. Check MX records. These can show cloud-hosted mail providers

Recon tools

• Recon-NG https://github.com/lanmaster53/recon
• OWASP Amass https://github.com/OWASP/Amass
• Spiderfoot https://www.spiderfoot.net/
• Gobuster https://github.com/OJ/gobuster
• Sublist3r https://github.com/aboul3la/Sublist3r
• Use search engine, bing, google are good places to start.
• Certificate transparency https://crt.sh/
• Shodan https://shodan.io
  • Query examples: org:"Target name", net:"CIDR Range", PORT:"443"
• Censys https://censys.io
• Hackertarget https://hackertarget.com/
• Threatcrowd https://www.threatcrowd.org/
• DNSDumpster https://dnsdumpster.com/
• ARIN Searches https://whois.arin.net/ui/

Recon techniques

Finding subdomains

• Check DNS Dumpster https://dnsdumpster.com/

Bruteforce subdomains

• https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/tree/master/Discovery/DNS

gobuster dns -d <target domain> -w <wordlist>

Check cloud usage

Check for IP Netblocks

• Azure Netblocks
  • Public: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=56519
  • US Gov: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=57063
  • Germany: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=57064
  • China: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=57062
• AWS Netblocks
  • https://ip-ranges.amazonaws.com/ip-ranges.json
• GCP Netblocks
  • https://www.gstatic.com/ipranges/cloud.json

ip2provider

• https://github.com/oldrho/ip2provider

cat iplist.txt | python ip2provider.py

O365 usage

• Add domain to following url, if exists there is a tenant:

https://login.microsoftonline.com/<TARGET DOMAIN>/v2.0/.well-known/openid-configuration

Google Workspace Usage

• Try to authenticate with a valid company email adress at gmail
• https://accounts.google.com/

AWS usage

• Check if any resources are being loaded from S3 buckets
• Using burp, navigate the webapp and check for any calls to https://[bucketname].s3.amazonaws.com or • https://s3-[region].amazonaws.com/[Org Name]

Box.om usage

• Look for any login portals
• https://companyname.account.box.com

Recon employees

• Build a user list with linkedin
• Determine username scheme via public file metadata (PDF, DOCX, XLSX, etc)
  • Powermeta https://github.com/dafthack/PowerMeta
  • FOCA https://github.com/ElevenPaths/FOCA

User enumeration

• Azure can be performed at https://login.microsoft.com/common/oauth2/token
• This endpoint tells you if a user exists or not
• Detect invalid users while password spraying with MSOL spray

Azure

Manually

Get if tenant is in use and if fedaration is in use.

• Federation with Azure AD or O365 enables users to authenticate using on-premises credentials and access all resources in cloud.

https://login.microsoftonline.com/getuserrealm.srf?login=<USER>@<DOMAIN>&xml=1
https://login.microsoftonline.com/[email protected]&xml=1

Get the Tenant ID

https://login.microsoftonline.com/<DOMAIN>/.well-known/openid-configuration
https://login.microsoftonline.com/defcorphq.onmicrosoft.com/.well-known/openid-configuration

AADinternals

https://github.com/Gerenios/AADInternals https://o365blog.com/aadinternals/

Import the AADinternals module

import-module .\AADInternals.psd1

Get tenant name, authentication, brand name (usually same as directory name) and domain name

Get-AADIntLoginInformation -UserName <RANDOM USER>@<DOMAIN>

Get tenant ID

Get-AADIntTenantID -Domain <DOMAIN>

Get tenant domains

Get-AADIntTenantDomains -Domain <DOMAIN>

Get all the information

Invoke-AADIntReconAsOutsider -DomainName <DOMAIN>

Microburst

Enumerate used services

• https://github.com/NetSPI/MicroBurst
• Edit the permutations.txt to add permutations such as career, hr, users, file and backup

Import-Module MicroBurst.psm1 -Verbose
Invoke-EnumerateAzureSubDomains -Base <SHORT DOMAIN NAME> -Verbose

Enumerate Azureblobs

• add permutations to permutations.txt like common, backup, code in the misc directory.

Import-Module ./Microburst.psm1
Invoke-EnumerateAzureBlobs -Base <SHORT DOMAIN> -OutputFile azureblobs.txt

Valid emails

Check for Email ID's

• https://github.com/LMGsec/o365creeper
• Could gather list of emails from something like harvester or hunter.io or smth and validate them!
• admin, root, test, contact (try those default for exam)

python o365creeper.py -f list_of_emails.txt -o validemails.txt

• Possible to use https://github.com/nyxgeek/onedrive_user_enum (Non-lab-tool)