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Documentation Website (#380)
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* Move to mkdocs for docs

* Deploy task

* Custom landing page

* Setup Google Analytics

* Cropped animation

* Update docs/theme/overrides/home.html

Co-authored-by: Nikolay Edigaryev <[email protected]>

* Direct to website and discussions

Co-authored-by: Nikolay Edigaryev <[email protected]>
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fkorotkov and edigaryev authored Jan 17, 2023
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13 changes: 13 additions & 0 deletions .cirrus.yml
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Expand Up @@ -94,3 +94,16 @@ task:
- sentry-cli releases new $SENTRY_RELEASE
- sentry-cli releases set-commits $SENTRY_RELEASE --auto
- sentry-cli releases finalize $SENTRY_RELEASE

task:
name: Deploy Documentation
only_if: $CIRRUS_BRANCH == 'main'
container:
image: ghcr.io/squidfunk/mkdocs-material:latest
env:
DEPLOY_TOKEN: ENCRYPTED[!45ed45666558902ed1c2400add734ec063103bec31841847e8c8764802fca229bfa6d85c690e16ad159e047574b48793!]
deploy_script:
- git config --global user.name "Cirrus CI"
- git config --global user.name "[email protected]"
- git remote set-url origin https://[email protected]/cirruslabs/tart/
- mkdocs --verbose gh-deploy --force --remote-branch gh-pages
3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions .gitattributes
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*.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
*.gif filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
*.ico filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
*.webp filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
*.lottie filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
283 changes: 2 additions & 281 deletions README.md
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Expand Up @@ -48,277 +48,8 @@ tart clone ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-ventura-base:latest ventura-base
tart run ventura-base
```

<img src="https://github.com/cirruslabs/tart/raw/main/Resources/TartScreenshot.png"/>

## CI Integration

Tart already powers several CI services mentioned above including our own [Cirrus CI](https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/macOS/) which offers unlimited concurrency with per-second billing.
For services that haven't leveraged Tart yet, we offer fully managed runners via a monthly subscription.
*Cirrus Runners* is the fastest way to get your current CI workflows to benefit from Apple Silicon hardware. No need to manage infrastructure or migrate to another CI provider.
Please read down below about currently supported services.

### Managed runners for your CI-as-a-service

At the moment Cirrus Runners only supports GitHub Actions, but we are actively working on adding more options.
Please [email us](mailto:[email protected]) if you are interested in a particular one.

#### GitHub Actions

Configuring Cirrus Runners for GitHub Actions is as simple as installing [Cirrus Runners App](https://github.com/apps/cirrus-runners).
After successful installation and subscription configuration, use any of [Ventura images managed by us](https://github.com/cirruslabs/macos-image-templates) in `runs-on`:

```yaml
name: Test Suite
jobs:
test:
runs-on: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-ventura-xcode:latest
```
When workflows are executing you'll see Cirrus on-demand runners on your organization's settings page at `https://github.com/organizations/<ORGANIZATION>/settings/actions/runners`.

<img src="https://github.com/cirruslabs/tart/raw/main/Resources/TartGHARunners.png"/>

### Self-hosted CI

Tart itself is only responsible for managing virtual machines, but we've built Tart support into a tool called Cirrus CLI
also developed by Cirrus Labs. [Cirrus CLI](https://github.com/cirruslabs/cirrus-cli) is a command line tool with
one configuration format to execute common CI steps (run a script, cache a folder, etc.) locally or in any CI system.
We built Cirrus CLI to solve "But it works on my machine!" problem.

Here is an example of a `.cirrus.yml` configuration file which will start a Tart VM, will copy over working directory and
will run scripts and [other instructions](https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#supported-instructions) inside the virtual machine:

```yaml
task:
name: hello
macos_instance:
# can be a remote or a local virtual machine
image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-monterey-base:latest
hello_script:
- echo "Hello from within a Tart VM!"
- echo "Here is my CPU info:"
- sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string
- sleep 15
```

Put the above `.cirrus.yml` file in the root of your repository and run it with the following command:

```shell
brew install cirruslabs/cli/cirrus
cirrus run
```

<img src="https://github.com/cirruslabs/tart/raw/main/Resources/TartCirrusCLI.gif"/>

[Cirrus CI](https://cirrus-ci.org/) already leverages Tart to power its macOS cloud infrastructure. The `.cirrus.yml`
config from above will just work in Cirrus CI and your tasks will be executed inside Tart VMs in our cloud.

**Note:** Cirrus CI only allows [images managed and regularly updated by us](https://github.com/orgs/cirruslabs/packages?tab=packages&q=macos).

#### Retrieving artifacts from within Tart VMs

In many cases there is a need to retrieve particular files or a folder from within a Tart virtual machine.
For example, the below `.cirrus.yml` configuration defines a single task that builds a `tart` binary and
exposes it via [`artifacts` instruction](https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#artifacts-instruction):

```yaml
task:
name: Build
macos_instance:
image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-monterey-xcode:latest
build_script: swift build --product tart
binary_artifacts:
path: .build/debug/tart
```

Running Cirrus CLI with `--artifacts-dir` will write defined `artifacts` to the provided local directory on the host:

```shell
cirrus run --artifacts-dir artifacts
```

Note that all retrieved artifacts will be prefixed with the associated task name and `artifacts` instruction name.
For the example above, `tart` binary will be saved to `$PWD/artifacts/Build/binary/.build/debug/tart`.

## Virtual Machine Management

### Creating from scratch

Tart supports macOS and Linux virtual machines. All commands like `run` and `pull` work the same way regarding of the underlying OS a particular VM image has.
The only difference is how such VM images are created. Please check sections below for [macOS](#creating-a-macos-vm-image-from-scratch) and [Linux](#creating-a-linux-vm-image-from-scratch) instructions.

#### Creating a macOS VM image from scratch

Tart can create VMs from `*.ipsw` files. You can download a specific `*.ipsw` file [here](https://ipsw.me/) or you can
use `latest` instead of a path to `*.ipsw` to download the latest available version:

```shell
tart create --from-ipsw=latest monterey-vanilla
tart run monterey-vanilla
```

After the initial booting of the VM you'll need to manually go through the macOS installation process. As a convention we recommend creating an `admin` user with an `admin` password. After the regular installation please do some additional modifications in the VM:

1. Enable Auto-Login. Users & Groups -> Login Options -> Automatic login -> admin.
2. Allow SSH. Sharing -> Remote Login
3. Disable Lock Screen. Preferences -> Lock Screen -> disable "Require Password" after 5.
4. Disable Screen Saver.
5. Run `sudo visudo` in Terminal, find `%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL` add `admin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL` to allow sudo without a password.

#### Creating a Linux VM image from scratch

Linux VMs are supported on hosts running macOS 13.0 (Ventura) or newer.

```shell
# Create a bare VM
tart create --linux ubuntu
# Install Ubuntu
tart run --disk focal-desktop-arm64.iso ubuntu
# Run VM
tart run ubuntu
```

After the initial setup please make sure your VM can be SSH-ed into by running the following commands inside your VM:

```shell
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y openssh-server
sudo ufw allow ssh
```

### Configuring a VM

By default, a tart VM uses 2 CPUs and 4 GB of memory with a `1024x768` display. This can be changed with `tart set` command.
Please refer to `tart set --help` for additional details.

### Building with Packer

Please refer to [Tart Packer Plugin repository](https://github.com/cirruslabs/packer-plugin-tart) for setup instructions.
Here is an example of a template to build `monterey-base` local image based of a remote image:

```hcl
packer {
required_plugins {
tart = {
version = ">= 0.5.3"
source = "github.com/cirruslabs/tart"
}
}
}
source "tart-cli" "tart" {
vm_base_name = "ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-ventura-base:latest"
vm_name = "my-custom-ventura"
cpu_count = 4
memory_gb = 8
disk_size_gb = 70
ssh_password = "admin"
ssh_timeout = "120s"
ssh_username = "admin"
}
build {
sources = ["source.tart-cli.tart"]
provisioner "shell" {
inline = ["echo 'Disabling spotlight indexing...'", "sudo mdutil -a -i off"]
}
# more provisioners
}
```

Here is a [repository with Packer templates](https://github.com/cirruslabs/macos-image-templates) used to build [all the images managed by us](https://github.com/orgs/cirruslabs/packages?tab=packages&q=macos).

### Working with a Remote OCI Container Registry

For example, let's say you want to push/pull images to a registry hosted at https://acme.io/.

#### Registry Authorization

First, you need to log in and save credential for `acme.io` host via `tart login` command:

```shell
tart login acme.io
```

Credentials are securely stored in Keychain.

In addition, Tart supports [Docker credential helpers](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credential-helpers)
if defined in `~/.docker/config.json`.

Finally, `TART_REGISTRY_USERNAME` and `TART_REGISTRY_PASSWORD` environment variables allow to override authorization
for all registries which might useful for integrating with your CI's secret management.

#### Pushing a Local Image

Once credentials are saved for `acme.io`, run the following command to push a local images remotely with two tags:

```shell
tart push my-local-vm-name acme.io/remoteorg/name:latest acme.io/remoteorg/name:v1.0.0
```

#### Pulling a Remote Image

You can either pull an image:

```shell
tart pull acme.io/remoteorg/name:latest
```

...or instantiate a VM from a remote image:

```shell
tart clone acme.io/remoteorg/name:latest my-local-vm-name
```

This invocation calls the `tart pull` implicitly (if the image is not being present) before doing the actual cloning.

### Mounting directories

To mount a directory, run the VM with the `--dir` argument:

```shell
tart run --dir=project:~/src/project vm
```

Here, the `project` specifies a mount name, whereas the `~/src/project` is a path to the host's directory to expose to the VM.

It is also possible to mount directories in read-only mode by adding a third parameter, `ro`:

```shell
tart run --dir=project:~/src/project:ro vm
```

To mount multiple directories, repeat the `--dir` argument for each directory:

```shell
tart run --dir=www1:~/project1/www --dir=www2:~/project2/www
```

Note that the first parameter in each `--dir` argument must be unique, otherwise only the last `--dir` argument using that name will be used.

Note: to use the directory mounting feature, the host needs to run macOS 13.0 (Ventura) or newer.

#### Accessing mounted directories in macOS guests

All shared directories are automatically mounted to `/Volumes/My Shared Files` directory.

The directory we've mounted above will be accessible from the `/Volumes/My Shared Files/project` path inside a guest VM.

Note: to use the directory mounting feature, the guest VM needs to run macOS 13.0 (Ventura) or newer.

#### Accessing mounted directories in Linux guests

To be able to access the shared directories from the Linux guest, you need to manually mount the virtual filesystem first:

```shell
mount -t virtiofs com.apple.virtio-fs.automount /mnt/shared
```

The directory we've mounted above will be accessible from the `/mnt/shared/project` path inside a guest VM.
Please check the [official documentation](https://tart.run) for more information and/or feel free to use [discussions](https://github.com/cirruslabs/tart/discussions)
for remaining questions.

## FAQ

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -385,13 +116,3 @@ The directory we've mounted above will be accessible from the `/mnt/shared/proje
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.vmnet.plist Shared_Net_Mask -string 255.255.0.0
```
</details>

<details>
<summary>How to connect to a VM over SSH?</summary>

If the guest VM is running and configured to accept incoming SSH connections you can conveniently connect to it like so:

```shell
ssh admin@$(tart ip macos-monterey-base)
```
</details>
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions Resources/TartSocial.png
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tart.run
www.tart.run
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