[SPARK-50762][SQL][TESTS] Add more scalar SQL UDF SQL query tests

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR adds more SQL query tests for scalar SQL UDFs.

### Why are the changes needed?

To make sure SQL UDF works with different operators and prevent regressions.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No

### How was this patch tested?

Test only

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No

Closes #50898 from allisonwang-db/spark-50762-tests.

Authored-by: Allison Wang <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <[email protected]>

Author: allisonwang-db